Page 27 - EJMO-9-2

Eurasian Journal of
Medicine and Oncology Gut microbiome effects on obesity

well as overweight alone. Accordingly, sleeping <7 h has complicates treatment. Conversely, psoriasis can also
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been positively associated with an increase in BMI and impact the development of obesity. The treatment of this
the development of obesity, compared to individuals who disease highlights the considerable influence of weight loss
attain an adequate and healthy amount of sleep. 33 on symptom severity. 43
Eating habits play a significant role in the management Dysfunction in the thyroid is linked to changes in BW,
of metabolic disorders and obesity. In this context, mindful fluctuations in body temperature, and alterations in both
eating has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing total and resting energy expenditure, regardless of physical
uncontrolled and emotional eating behaviors. However, activity levels. In addition, weight gain frequently occurs
when combined with caloric restriction, weight loss was following the treatment of thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid
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not significantly greater than with either approach alone. hormones and body composition are closely interlinked.
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On the other hand, intermittent fasting, such as the 16:8 or Hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland
14:10 approach, has demonstrated a significant reduction fails to produce an adequate amount of thyroid hormones,
in body weight (BW) while also improving glycemic and is linked to reduced thermogenesis, a lower metabolic rate.
lipid profiles in obese patients with T2D. Experimental It has been demonstrated to be positively related to both an
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findings have shown an advantage for the 16:8 approach. 35 elevated BMI and a higher prevalence of obesity. Clinical
Regarding time-restricted feeding, Xie et al. discovered evidence suggests that even mild thyroid dysfunction,
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that eating meals early in the day increased insulin such as subclinical hypothyroidism, can cause significant
sensitivity, reduced body mass, and lowered inflammation alterations in BW, representing a risk factor for overweight
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more significantly than diets restricted to the middle of and obesity. Furthermore, research has demonstrated a
the day. However, in the context of constant caloric intake, negative association between BMI and serum-free T4 (FT4)
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a time-restricted diet failed to significantly decrease levels. Fat accumulation has been linked to lower FT4
levels
and increased thyroid-stimulating hormones levels
46,47
weight or enhance glycemic markers when compared 47,48
to a standard diet, indicating that the beneficial effects in individuals who are slightly overweight but euthyroid.
observed in other studies may be related to overall caloric 2.2. Protective factors against obesity
reduction. Furthermore, the order of food consumption
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has been explored: eating vegetables first, regardless of A literature review conducted on individuals with obesity
meal speed, significantly decreased postprandial glucose has highlighted different physiological advantages
and insulin peaks, indicating that this simple method associated with increased physical activity. As an
may provide metabolic benefits. Pharmacologically, the illustrative example, the findings underscore its potential
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use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP- for promoting weight loss. Moreover, as a part of a clinical
1RA), such as exenatide, has shown that adolescents trial, obese individuals aiming to lose weight participated
with lower postprandial leptin responses are better at in an 8-week stress management program while following
maintaining weight loss. In the same context, Libyan diet restrictions to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The
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health professionals have highlighted that some changes in intervention group, in particular, experienced a notable
lifestyle of young people, including sleeping late, waking decline in BMI in comparison to the control group and
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up late, and skipping breakfast, are closely related to the improvements in anxiety and depression scores.
development of overweight and obesity. 40 As is widely recognized, diet plays a crucial role
Zheng et al. confirmed through a systematic review in managing obesity. A meta-analysis of randomized
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the existence of a relationship between rapid weight gain controlled trials has identified a protective effect of high
(RWG) and obesity. Fifteen studies indicated that RWG dietary fiber intake. Dietary fiber plays a crucial role
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in infancy is linked to overweight and obesity in both in maintaining a healthy BW. It is associated with the
childhood and adulthood, reaffirming that RWG at an production of beneficial metabolites, the amelioration
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early age is a significant predictor of obesity later in life. A of obesity, and improved immune responses. In this
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list of medications associated with significant weight gain context, another type of dietary fiber, resistant starch
among Canadian individuals has been defined, including (RS), has been used as a dietary supplement to affect
antipsychotics, antidepressants, antihyperglycemics, obesity-related outcomes. An 8-week RS supplementation
and other medications that contribute to this issue. was found to contribute to body mass reduction (mean:
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Accordingly, there is an urgent need in implementing new 2.8 kg) and improve insulin resistance in individuals with
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pharmacotherapies that have fewer negative impacts on overweight or obesity.
weight. Psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune skin condition, Tea is a common beverage consumed daily, and it
is linked to obesity, which aggravates its progression and contains natural compounds with many health benefits,

Volume 9 Issue 2 (2025) 19 doi: 10.36922/ejmo.8318