Page 144 - EJMO-9-3

Eurasian Journal of
Medicine and Oncology CRCI factors in breast cancer

and education. This training was conducted in a quiet, family history of breast cancer, and 84.47% reported no
comfortable, and enclosed setting, occurring twice weekly complications. The predominant living arrangement was
for sessions lasting 60 minutes each, with the flexibility to with a spouse and children, accounting for 87.89% of the
adjust based on individual patient needs. The cognitive participants. Regarding cancer staging, 24.21% were at
function changes in the intervention group were assessed stage I, 44.21% at stage II, 21.84% at stage III, and 9.74% at
using the FACT-Cog scale before the intervention and stage IV. Sixty-nine cases (18.16%) had diabetes mellitus,
3 months post-intervention. The specific components of while 311 cases (81.84%) did not. In addition, there were
cognitive behavioral intervention encompass attention 98 cases (25.79%) with a BMI <18.5 kg/m², 121 cases
enhancement, visuospatial skill development, memory (31.84%) with a BMI between 18.5 and 24 kg/m², 105 cases
training, orientation exercises, executive function training, (27.63%) with a BMI between 24 and 28 kg/m², and
and computational ability enhancement. 56 cases (14.74%) with a BMI ≥28 kg/m² (Table 1).

2.3. Statistical analysis 3.2. Status of cognition function in breast cancer
The data were entered into Epidata 3.0 to construct a patients
database, and statistical analyses were performed using Following chemotherapy, the FACT-Cog score among the
SPSS 26.0 (IBM SPSS 26.0, SPSS Inc.) and AMOS 22.0 380 patients in this study was 104.76 ± 22.18 points. Among
software (Amos Development Corporation, Chicago, these patients, 75 exhibited a decrease of ≥10.6 points
IL, USA). Descriptive statistics are presented as mean ± compared to their pre-chemotherapy scores, indicating
standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and as a chemotherapy-related cognitive dysfunction incidence
frequency and percentage for categorical variables. The rate of 19.74%. The four dimensions assessed were
impact of variables from the general population and disease perceived cognitive impairment (58.89 ± 8.19), comments
data on cognitive function was evaluated using one-way from others (12.95 ± 2.10), perceived cognitive abilities
analysis of variance. Both unadjusted and multivariable- (18.71 ± 7.01), and impact on quality of life (11.68 ± 1.74).
adjusted logistic regression models were employed to
analyze cognitive function. Differences between the two A comparison of scores before and after chemotherapy is
groups were compared using the t-test. Explanatory factor presented in Table 2.
analysis was conducted utilizing maximum likelihood 3.3. Depression, anxiety, social support, and
estimation with orthogonal rotation, with the scree plot cognitive function in breast cancer patients
and eigenvalues (≥1) employed to determine the requisite undergoing chemotherapy
number of factors. Subsequently, confirmatory factor
analysis was performed using maximum likelihood Among 380 breast cancer patients who underwent
estimation methods, and various statistical indices were chemotherapy, 185 individuals (48.68%) exhibited
utilized to assess model fit, including the ratio of the χ² symptoms of anxiety. The prevalence of mild, moderate,
to degrees of freedom (CMIN/DF)/Chi-squared statistics, and severe anxiety was 30%, 15.79%, and 2.89%,
root mean square error of approximation, comparative fit respectively, with an average anxiety score of 16.18 ± 3.77.
index, standardized root mean square residual, goodness- In addition, 184 patients (48.42%) experienced depressive
of-fit index (GFI), adjusted GFI, and Tucker–Lewis symptoms, with the incidence rates of mild, moderate,
index. The ft indices of models were evaluated against the and severe depression being 31.58%, 14.47%, and 2.37%,
predefined criteria. p<0.05 indicated statistically significant respectively. The average depression score was 17.39 ±
difference. 3.95 (Table 3).

3. Results The overall social support scores averaged 38.34 ±
16.31 points, comprising 12.23 ± 16.77 points for objective
3.1. Characteristics of study participants support, 18.82 ± 3.86 points for subjective support, and
Table 1 presents the baseline characteristics of the study 6.61 ± 1.05 points for support utilization. Among the
population. The average age of participants was 63.81 years participants, 48 cases (12.63%) exhibited low levels of
(SD = 9.01), with a significant proportion (41.05%) being social support, 201 cases (52.89%) demonstrated medium
over 41 years of age. The majority of participants were levels, and 130 cases (34.21%) showed high levels of social
female (99.47%) and married (91.32%). In addition, support. The t-test analyses indicated that both the total
61.9% reported no family history of breast cancer, and and individual dimension scores of social support for
73.1% had <12 years of education, with most having patients with breast cancer post-chemotherapy were
completed high school to college education. Furthermore, significantly lower than the normative scores of a healthy
36.58% of participants were unemployed, 85.79% had no domestic population (p<0.05), as detailed in Table 4.
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Volume 9 Issue 3 (2025) 136 doi: 10.36922/EJMO025130073