Page 47 - GHES-1-1

Global Health Econ Sustain Resilience, income, artists, COVID-19

Table 1. Descriptive features
Feature of participants (N=109) Categories of descriptive features Number of participants (n) Proportion (%)
Age 21 – 29 26 23.8
30 – 39 39 35.7
40 – 49 15 13.7
50 – 59 14 12.8
60 – 75 6 5.5
Gender Male 30 27.5
Female 78 71.6
Non-binary 1 0.9
Main art field Visual art 22 20.2
Performing art 80 73.4
Combination of visual and 6 6.4
performing art
Highest qualification First degree or diploma 42 38.5
Postgraduate 67 61.5
Employment status Employed 38 34.9
Self-employed 58 53.2
Not employed 14 11.9
Average gross income last 6 months ZAR 5 000 or less 27 24.8
during the COVID pandemic ZAR 5 000 – ZAR 15 000 37 33.9
ZAR 15 000 – ZAR 30 000 17 15.6
ZAR 30 000 – ZAR 50 000 18 16.5
ZAR 50 000 – ZAR 75 000 6 5.5
More than ZAR 75 000 4 3.7
Average gross monthly income during ZAR 5 000 or less 19 17.4
2019 ZAR 5 000 – ZAR 15 000 19 17.4
ZAR 15 000 – ZAR 30 000 35 32.1
ZAR 30 000 – ZAR 50 000 23 21.1
ZAR 50 000 – ZAR 75 000 10 9.2
More than ZAR 75 000 3 2.8
Abbreviation: ZAR: South African rand, the South African currency.

Table 2. Mean resilience scores before and during the exhibited higher resilience scores compared to those with
COVID pandemic an income of ZAR5000 (mean difference = −10.44; 95%
CI = −20.3690 – −0.51; p = 0.031).
Resilience Mean Lower 95% Higher 95% t‑test
(standard confidence confidence
deviation) interval interval 3.3. Art activities
During COVID 25.18 (7.17) 23.75 26.50 7.631 Table 3 presents the ranked mean scores for the 18 items
pandemic (p<0.001) regarding the stimulating impact of the COVID-19
Before COVID 30.33 (6.01) 29.14 31.50 pandemic on art activities. Seventeen of these items were
pandemic above 2.5 (thus closer to “true nearly all the time” than “not
true at all”), with the lower value of the 95% CI being above
postgraduate qualifications showed significantly higher 2.5 for 11 of the items.
resilience scores (mean difference = −4.29; 95% CI = −8.0 Table 4 presents the ranked mean scores for the eight
– −0.57; p = 0.018). Similarly, participants with a monthly items on the inhibiting impact of the pandemic on art
income of ZAR50000 to ZAR75000 during the pandemic activities as experienced by participants. The mean scores

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2023) 4 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.0911