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Global Health Econ Sustain Musicians and COVID-19 in Brazil

2.3. Data analysis 29.1% of them lived on 1 – 2 MW, 31.4% on 2 – 4 MW,

We estimated the percentages of the studied variables, and 18.4% on 4 or more MW per capita (Figures 1 and 2).
using the software STATA 15.0. Most musicians (68.2%) reported loss of income during
the pandemic (not in table or figure). It is noteworthy that
2.4. Ethical processes only 29.2% had a formal job (Figure 3).
The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee The data above corroborate research in the area
of the Medical Science School of UNICAMP, under process that indicates the predominance of male musicians, as
no. 4.110.118, CAAE 33160120.8.0000.5404, on June 25, observed by Requião (2020), which shows the proportion
2020. All respondents signed a informed consent form of 82% of men to 18% of women in the universe of
before answering the questionnaire. musicians affiliated to the Union of Musicians of the State
of Rio de Janeiro. According to the survey performed by
3. Results the Brazilian Union of Composers (UBC, 2020), 85% of

In this descriptive study of quantitative design, we the musicians are men while the rest (15%) are women. It
observed that most musicians (77.7%) restricted their also corroborates the average salary between 1 and 4 MW
contact with people, leaving home only to go grocery to for most of these workers, which in our study corresponds
to a total of 60.5% and in the UBC survey, for example,
shops and drugstores, and just < 1% did not adhere to corresponds to 35% of the sample.
social distancing. Most of the musicians interviewed are
male, aged between 18 and 39 years old, and declare to Regarding the part of other jobs in the musician’s
have white skin color (not in table or figure). Most of the income, 65% of respondents stated that a large part of their
musicians who responded to the interview have a degree monthly income comes from working with music and
(38.7%), but 32% did not complete higher education. 35% of them have an 80% of the income generated from
Regarding income, 21.10% of respondents answered that other jobs. A great percentage of the respondents (64.9%)
they lived on <1 MW of monthly family income per capita, declared that they were the main providers of income for
their households and 67.9% declared that they joined the
social security system (Figures 4 and 5). During the period
of the COVID-19 pandemic, respondents declared that

Figure 1. Education level of the studied population (%). Source: EPI-
Música Research.
Figure 3. Employment relationships (%). Source: EPI-Música Research.

Figure 2. Family monthly income per capita (%) in minimum wages. Figure 4. Proportion of musical activities-derived income relative to the
Source: EPI-Música Research. total income (%). Source: EPI-Música Research.

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2023) 4 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.0434