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Global Health Econ Sustain Musicians and COVID-19 in Brazil

they had undergone changes at work, in the following Regarding changes in work routine and income, it was
proportion: 48.5% reported working from home during the reported worldwide that the cultural sector, especially the
period of social distancing, but 46.7% were unemployed live music sector, was the most affected by the prohibition
(Figure 6). It was also found that most of musicians used of face-to-face activities. In Brazil, research published by
digital technologies before the pandemic. On the other the DATASIM Institute in 2020 indicates that:
hand, 64.2% who did not use these technologies started to Cancellations (77.4%) and postponements (81.2%)
use them during the pandemic (Figures 7 and 8). led to the total and indefinite stoppage of activities
In the entire sample, 76.5% of the musicians reported involving the public, implying an immediate reaction
being instrumentalists or singers, and 58.3% declared being from the sector, with a significant increase in the
music teachers (Table 1). More than half of the respondents availability of online content (in terms of number
in our survey (55.8%) had worked in bars, restaurants, and of hours transmitted by social networks and other
other venues before the pandemic (Table 2). platforms) (DATASIM, 2020, p.20).

Figure 5. Income and social security status (%). Source: EPI-Música Figure 8. Percentages of musicians who did not use digital technologies
Research. during the pandemic and start to use. Source: EPI-Música Research.

Table 1. Percentages of musicians in different work activities

Work activities of musicians %
Instrumentalist or singer 76.5
Music teacher 58.3
Composer or arranger 22.7
Researcher 16.7
Musical direction (concerts, plays, recordings, etc.) 15.6
Producer of shows, parties, or events 15.4
Music producer 14.2
Figure 6. Influence of the pandemic on occupation/work (%). Source:
EPI-Música Research. Development of cultural projects 10.2
Conductor 10
Soundtracks (theater, cinema, and television) 7.5
Production of teaching materials or other types of 6.6
publication
Music copyist or electronic sheet music publisher 4.4
Administrative or cultural management issues 4.4
Sound designer 3.8
Soundtracks (advertising and/or marketing, campaigns) 2.5
DJ 2.3
Musical instrument seller 1.7
Instrument maker 1.3
Figure 7. Percentages of musicians who did not use digital technologies
before the pandemic. Source: EPI-Música Research. Children’s party entertainer 0.6

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2023) 5 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.0434