Page 67 - GHES-2-1

Global Health Econ Sustain Quantum Data Lake for epidemic analysis

Table 6. Diseases and symptoms caused by the Parvoviridae family (subfamily Parvovirinae) of viruses
Genus Species Diseases and symptoms
Bocaparvovirus Primate bocaparvovirus 1
(i) Human bocavirus 1 (HboV1) (i) Respiratory diseases
(ii) Human bocavirus 3 (HboV3) (ii) Enteritis
Primate bocaparvovirus 2 Enteritis
– Human bocavirus 2c (HboV2c)
– Human bocavirus 4 (HboV4)
Dependoparvovirus – Adeno-associated dependoparvovirus (AAV) A - Possible tumor protective effect;
(i.e., AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, - AAV vectors for gene therapy: cystic fibrosis; hereditary
AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, AAV12, AAV13, AAVS17) emphysema (e.g., alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency); hemophilia;
– Adeno-associated dependoparvovirus B (i.e., AAV5) muscular dystrophy; Parkinson’s disease; Alzheimer’s disease;
Canavan disease; spinal muscular atrophy; Batten disease; and
rheumatoid arthritis;
- Potential therapeutic vaccines for cancer (malignant melanoma);
and
- Prophylactic vaccines against HIV and hepatocellular carcinoma
(i.e., AAV2)
Erythroparvovirus Primate erythroparvovirus 1 Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease); systemic lupus
– Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) erythematosus; Henoch-Schönein purpura (IgA vasculitis);
Wegener’s granulomatosis; Mastade–purpuric gloves and
socks syndrome; Gianotti–Crosti syndrome; livedo reticularis;
rheumatological arthritides; systemic sclerosis; myositis; pure
red cell aplasia (erythroblastopenia); transient aplastic crisis;
thrombocytopenia; neutropenia; idiopathic thrombocytopenic
purpura; virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome; acute
leukemia and myelodysplasia; Kikuchi disease; myocarditis,
pericarditis, acute heart failure; giant cell arteritis; polyarteritis
nodosa; meningitis, encephalitis; Guillain–Barré syndrome;
cerebellar ataxia; transverse myelitis; peripheral neuropathy; carpal
tunnel syndrome; congenital neurological disease; hepatitis, acute
liver failure; glomerulonephritis; fetal hydrops; and fetal loss
Primate erythroparvovirus 2 Infects human bone marrow mononuclear cells
– Simian parvovirus B20 (SPV)
Protoparvovirus Primate protoparvovirus 1 Gastroenteritis and diarrhea
– Human bufavirus 1a (BuV1a) from BF86
Primate protoparvovirus 3 Cutaneous malignant melanoma and cutaneous T cell lymphoma
– Human cutavirus (CutaV) from BR-337 (mycosis fungoides)
Tetraparvovirus Primate tetraparvovirus 1 Rash; arthralgia; anemia; respiratory tract symptoms; encephalitis;
– Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) glomerulonephritis; hepatitis; gastrointestinal symptoms; and fetal
hydrops
Abbreviations: AAV: Adeno-associated dependoparvovirus, B19V: Human parvovirus B19, BuV1a: Human bufavirus 1a, CutaV: Human cutavirus,
HboV1: Human bocavirus 1, HboV2c: Human bocavirus 2c, HboV3: Human bocavirus 3, HboV4: Human bocavirus 4, PARV4: Human parvovirus 4,
SPV: Simian parvovirus B20.

with reality because of the impossibility of accurately taking evolve as parts of a common space. The circulation of viruses
into account all the data that reflect all processes with all can be compared with a random Brownian motion within
their interactions. The causative agents (viruses) of viral the influence of the triple nexus. Similarly, advancements in
infections are affected by the global “triple nexus” system computing performance and mathematical models have led
(i.e., environmental, social, and immune aspects), with a to growing opportunities to predict the viruses’ circulation
complex interaction that includes the existence of viruses in and the emergence of infectious disease outbreaks.
nature, human-controlled regulation, passage through the Therefore, the list of mathematical models and approaches
human immune system, and self-regulation of the viruses for epidemic modeling is said to be endless.
(Figure 2). Each component of the triple nexus has an The scientific community faces three main problems
infinite number of options and interactions. Furthermore, in epidemic data modeling: (1) How to describe the space
environmental, social, and immune systems continuously in which data will be considered and modeled; (2) how to

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2024) 16 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2148