Page 198 - GHES-3-1

Global Health Economics and
Sustainability
Outsourcing last-mile delivery

2.7. Analysis methodology On average, 70% of the respondents agreed that using

The recorded interviews were transcribed, coded, and 3PL for last-mile delivery reduced the cost of medicine
tallied. The transcribed data and data derived from the delivery operations.
administered questionnaire were subsequently analyzed An average of 77.0% of respondents agreed that using
using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences and 3PL increased the timely delivery of essential medicines to
Microsoft Excel version 2016 and presented in charts. facilities requesting such medicines from the NSDHCMA.
2.8. Summary
Table 3. Objective 1: 3PL last-mile delivery and operational costs
This study employed a mixed method consisting of a
qualitative case study approach, using in-depth interviews Propositions Responses Number Percentage
to collect data from appropriate and relevant personnel 3PL last-mile delivery is Strongly agree 30 60
within the government DMA and the state Ministry of very responsive to the Agree 20 40
needs of end-users.
Health. The transcribed data were coded, analyzed, and Disagree
presented in charts for discussion and findings. Strongly disagree
3. Results Total 50 100
3PL last-mile delivery is Strongly agree 20 40
This section presents the responses of 50 employees of the always professional to all Agree 5 10
NSDHCMA, Minna, Niger State. The interview results parties. They overcome
of the respondents and the responses are presented in local constraints faster Disagree
Tables 2-6. Strongly disagree 25 50
Total 50 100
3.1. Descriptive statistics 3PL last-mile delivery Strongly agree 30 60
Tables 2-6 demonstrate the sample’s responses to the three services are short and Agree
research questions and objectives. cost less to carry out Disagree 10 20
long-distance delivery
Table 2 reveals that 45 (90.0%) of the respondents were Strongly disagree 10 20
between 24 and 45 years of age, 35 (70%) were males, 30 (60%) Total 50 100
were married, and 35 (70%) had a university education. Source: Field survey, 2022.
Abbreviation: 3PL: Third-party logistics.
Table 2. Personal data
Table 4. Objective 2: 3PL services and increased timely
Propositions Responses Number Percentage delivery
Age 24 – 35 years 20 40
35 – 45 years 25 50 Propositions Responses Number Percentage
46 – 56 years 5 10 3PL service providers are Strongly agree 30 60
faster
57 – 67 years Agree 20 40
Total 50 100 Disagree / /
Gender Male 35 70 Strongly disagree / /
Female 15 30 Total 50 100
Total 50 100 3PL service providers Strongly agree 30 60
have zero tolerance for
Marital status Married 30 60 distraction Agree 5 10
Single 20 40 Disagree 10 20
Total 50 100 Strongly disagree 5 10
Educational status <OND 5 10 Total 50 100
OND 10 20 3PL service providers are Strongly agree 10 20
under contract to deliver
BSc/HND 20 40 fast and safely Agree 20 40
>BSc/HND 15 30 Disagree 10 20
Total 50 100 Strongly disagree 10 20
Source: Field survey, 2022. Total 50 100
Abbreviations: BSc: Bachelor of Science; HND: Higher national Source: Field survey, 2022.
diploma; OND: Ordinary national diploma. Abbreviation: 3PL: Third-party logistics.

Volume 3 Issue 1 (2025) 190 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.4714