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Gene & Protein in Disease                                           Significance of MXRA7 in bladder cancer




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            Figure 5. Establishment of a reliable prognostic model for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival prediction in BLCA using Cox multifactor analysis and nomogram.
            (A) Development of a predictive nomogram for 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival outcomes in patients with BLCA. For each patient, individual scores
            corresponding to each variable are summed to yield a total point’s score. This total is then mapped onto the survival probability scale at the bottom to
            estimate the likelihood of survival at 1, 3, and 5 years. The blue shaded area depicts the distribution of continuous variables, while the red dots represent the
            frequency distribution of categorical variables. (B) Verification of the predictive accuracy of the nomogram through calibration plots over 1, 3, and 5 years.
            (C) Analytical assessment of the nomogram through time-dependent ROC curves within the context of an immune prognostic model.
            Abbreviations: BLCA: Bladder cancer; ROC: Receiver operating characteristic curve.

            marker accompanying disease progression. Future studies   developed using LASSO-Cox regression effectively stratified
            should focus on identifying the upstream regulators and   patients into high- and low-risk groups, while multivariate
            downstream effectors of MXRA7 to better understand its   Cox analysis identified a seven-factor panel – including
            role in cancer biology.                            MXRA7 and its expression level – as a tool for survival
                                                               prediction in BLCA cohorts. These findings underscore
            5. Conclusion                                      MXRA7’s potential as a biomarker for prognosis and risk

            This study utilized a comprehensive bioinformatic approach   stratification, highlighting the need for further experimental
            to identify MXRA7 as a significant prognostic biomarker in   validation to explore its mechanistic role in BLCA progression
            BLCA, with high expression levels associated with poorer   and assess its viability as a therapeutic target.
            survival outcomes. Functional enrichment analysis suggested   Acknowledgments
            that MXRA7 contributes to BLCA progression by modulating
            pathways related to extracellular matrix remodeling, focal   The authors would like to thank Dr. Francesco Zonta for
            adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling, which are critical for tumor   co-supervising Mingjie Chen during the latter’s final year
            cell survival, migration, and invasion. A  risk score model   project (FYP), which contributed to this study.


            Volume 4 Issue 2 (2025)                         8                               doi: 10.36922/gpd.6256
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