Page 7 - GTM-1-1

Global Translational Medicine

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles

induce apoptosis by suppressing PI3K/Akt/mTOR
signaling pathway in osteosarcoma MG63 cells

1
Satheeshkumar Subramaniyan , Yoganathan Kamaraj ,
1
Veenayohini Kumaresan , Muthulakshmi Kannaiyan , Ernest David ,
1
3
2
Babujanarthanam Ranganathan , Vijayanand Selvaraj , and Agilan Balupillai *
3
3
3
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu,
India
2 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Idhaya College for Women, Tiruvannamalai,
Tamil Nadu, India
3 Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the apoptosis-inducing mechanism of zinc oxide
nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) stabilized by Solanum xanthocarpum plant extract in human
osteosarcoma MG63 cells. In the present study, we synthesized ZnO NPs from
S. xanthocarpum extract and evaluated its anticancer mechanism on MG 63 cells.
The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by ultraviolet spectroscopy, X-ray
crystallography, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The mean size of the synthesized
*Corresponding author: ZnO NPs was 21.62 ± 7.45 nm and spherical in shape. The cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs on
Agilan Balupillai MG63 cells was determined by MTT assay. The Western blot analysis was carried out to
(agilanphd@gmail.com) examine the expression of apoptotic and autophagy-related proteins in MG63 cells.
Citation: Subramaniyan S, The findings of the study reveal that ZnO NPs treatment showed concentration-
Kamaraj Y, Kumaresan V, et al., dependent cytotoxicity, increased lipid peroxidation, decreased antioxidant activity,
2022, Green synthesized zinc oxide
nanoparticles induce apoptosis increased reactive oxygen species generation, and increased DNA damage. In
by suppressing PI3K/Akt/mTOR addition, ZnO NPs treatment increased the expression of apoptotic members such as
signaling pathway in osteosarcoma p53, Bax, caspase-3, -8, and -9 while downregulating Bcl-2 expression in MG63 cells.
MG63 cells. Global Transl Med,
1(1): 34. Furthermore, ZnO NPs treatment suppressed the P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling
https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.v1i1.34 pathway and increased the expression of LC3 and beclin-1 in MG63 cells. The present
study demonstrated that ZnO NPs induced apoptosis and autophagy in MG63 cells
Received: March 3, 2022
Accepted: April 15, 2022 through modifying apoptotic and autophagy-related proteins.
Published Online: May 23, 2022
Copyright: © 2022 Author(s). Keywords: Osteosarcoma; Solanum xanthocarpum; Zinc oxide nanoparticles; Apoptosis;
This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the Autophagy
Creative Commons Attribution
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is
properly cited. 1. Introduction
Publisher’s Note: AccScience Osteosarcoma is a primary malignancy of bone tumor in humans, which has a high rate
Publishing remains neutral with of metastasis . Although a few detection and diagnostic methods have been developed,
[1]
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional the severity and rapid metastasis of osteosarcoma probably contributes to the poor
[2]
affiliations. prognosis of people with the metastatic form of the malignancy . Compared to single-
Volume 1 Issue 1 (2022) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.v1i1.34