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Global Translational Medicine Gut microbiota in Onco-Hematology

Figure 3. An illustration using different FMT delivery methods. An example of the FMT procedure using NDT and associated benefits.
Abbreviates: FMT Fecal microbiota transplantation; NDT: Nasoduodenal tube.

multiple drug-resistant microorganisms which were found was required to orally ingest frozen fecal capsules, and the
[74]
or detected in the fecal microbiota. The results indicated outcome was deemed successful . It should be mentioned
that FMT emerged successfully toward replacing resistant that a number of factors should be considered towards FMT
strains found in the gut; in addition, the patient did not administration, such as safety, possible contamination, and
suffer any infection associated with resistant organisms . individual suitability. Hence, more studies or clinical trials
[71]
Furthermore, FMT was found to be successful in the could be conducted for this type of treatment approach to
elimination of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase work with great efficiency.
positive E. coli and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases 4.1. Studies involving patients
positive Klebsiella pneumoniae from the stool (feces) of
a patient diagnosed with progressive MM . Another A number of studies have been conducted to assess the
[72]
investigation by De Castro et al. conducted a case study baseline gut microbiota dysbacteriosis (dysbiosis) in
[73]
that was reportedly presented to be successful in an FMT patients presenting with hematological malignancies
of a 60-year-old Philadelphia-positive ALL patient . It found at the diagnosis and treatment level. For instance,
[73]
[75]
is demonstrated that following allo-HSCT, the patient Rajagopala et al. investigated the standard 16S ribosomal
developed colitis accompanied by recurrent C. difficile RNA (or 16S rRNA) sequencing in stool specimens of 28
infection. However, after the administration of FMT, pediatric and adolescent patients with ALL, aiming to
symptoms associated with prior infections did not return. determine the diversity of gut microbiota in patients and
healthy people. Even though the gut microbiota of patients
The application of FMT using an NDT procedure and controls was predominantly found to be similar in terms
can cause much discomfort for patients. Hence, the of species from three major genera, that is, Bacteroides,
latest innovation of using the cFMT procedure has been Prevotella, and Faecalibacterium, the diversity in patients
proposed , even though the NDT procedure is commonly with ALL exhibited a noticeable decrease in microbiota.
[67]
used in various studies (Figure 3). A recent study by Kaito Such findings show an indeed correlation exists between
et al. reported that a 21-year-old patient diagnosed with ALL and the bacteriosis (dysbiosis) of gut microbiota,
[74]
Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL after allo-HSCT though further studies remain to determine whether this

Volume 2 Issue 2 (2023) 7 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.0389