Page 91 - IJB-6-4
P. 91
Priyadarshini, et al.
device warranted precise control of nutrient inputs, reproduce the geometry of actual environments.
hormone outputs, and permitted observation by The focal point of this section revolves around the
fluorescence imaging. use of 3D-printed bioreactors for various microbial
applications such as long-term microbial culture,
2.1.6 3D-printed bioreactor to facilitate cell
observation pathogen detection, pathogen phenotypic study,
and antibacterial assays, which are summarized in
The visualization of real-time cellular response Table 2.
to a 3D culture environment through imaging 2.2.1 3D-printed bioreactor for long-term
facilitates the monitoring of specific cellular microbial culture
processes. Another research group proposed
a multidimensional observation chamber (the Tracking the bacterial cell growth for a prolonged
UniveSlide) with an SLA 3D-printed frame for period provides crucial information on cell
medium/high throughput long-term imaging survival and proliferation conditions in addition
in controlled culture environments, which was to their nutrition and energetic physiology . A
[64]
also compatible with different microscopy number of bioreactors were built by 3D-printing
techniques . Moreover, this all-in-one device to assist in monitoring the growth of bacteria in
[42]
may be suitable for automatized multi-position liquid cultures. A customized FDM-printed culture
imaging of thick samples. The use of agarose tube holder (Figure 2A) was interfaced with
gel with imprinted microwells as a base support a mini-spectrophotometer connected to a light
frame was a convenient addition for trapping source through optical fibers to monitor bacteria
cells and subsequent 3D viewing. A 3D-printed growth in liquid culture through turbidimetric
[20]
fluidic culture chamber was used to dynamically measurement . Elsewhere, 3D-printed
culture hMSCs, study the mechanical behavior
of the cells in a controlled microenvironment,
and visualize cells within 3D-printed constructs A B
without sectioning using imaging techniques
such as confocal or fluorescence laminar optical
tomography . Bioreactor accessories such as
[43]
3D-printed valves and pumps used for cell culture
were also fabricated with SLA (3D Systems
Viper system) using WaterShed XC 11122 resin. C D
This study demonstrated controlled adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) stimulation of live cells in
an incubation chamber for observation of Ca2+
response . Recently, a semiconductor-based
[44]
biosensor chip was fabricated using Asiga Pico Plus
27 by DLP (Figure 1D) to facilitate the observation Figure 2. (A) Three-dimensional (3D)-printed
of cell metabolism on the microfluidics-based culture tube holder for monitoring the bacterial
light-addressable potentiometric sensor chip . growth of liquid microbial cultures (OC: Optical
[45]
[49]
2.2 3D-printed bioreactor for microbial cell cable; TH: Tube holder) . (B) 3D-printed magnet-
culture applications spacer assembly showing bacterial separation by
3D immunomagnetic flow assay . (C) 3D-printed
[58]
In the recent past, several studies have attempted vertically designed cylindrical chamber was
to unravel the gaps of our understanding of developed for bioluminescent bacterial detection .
[7]
bacteria survival mechanisms in complex (D) Inkjet-printed interdigitated electrode sensor
microenvironments. AM offers an opportunity to for phage detection .
[26]
International Journal of Bioprinting (2020)–Volume 6, Issue 4 87
