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International Journal of Bioprinting                                 Swelling–shrinking behavior of hydrogel











































            Figure 6. Humidity distribution in the ambient air with a filament diameter of 0.4 mm, illustrating the geometric variation of the printed filament under
            various relative humidity (RH) conditions.



































            Figure 7. Quantitative comparison of the geometric variation of the printed filaments. (A) Schematic diagram of the transformed filament in the finite
            element method model. (B–D) Geometric variation curves of the printed filaments with various diameters: (B) 0.2 mm, (C) 0.3 mm, and (D) 0.4 mm.

            Volume 11 Issue 4 (2025)                       418                            doi: 10.36922/IJB025220222
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