Page 148 - IJOCTA-15-4

Mengxue Li et al. / IJOCTA, Vol.15, No.4, pp.686-705 (2025)
3. Conceptual definition and 3.1.2. Green innovation efficiency
measurement of green innovation
The goal of green innovation is to address envi-
efficiency in SNEs
ronmental issues, accomplish particular environ-
mental protection objectives, and promote sus-
Based on the systematic GMM dynamic model,
tainable development. This includes energy con-
this paper measured GIE of SNEs using the
servation, pollution avoidance, waste recycling,
DEA model, conducted a comprehensive evalu-
and other enterprise green product and process in-
ation of the measured results, characterized the
novation, along with organizational management
GIE in each region, and decomposed the influ-
support and innovation execution. Green innova-
encing factors of GIE, to put forward the sug-
tion is a form of innovation aimed at achieving
gestions of SNEs in China for future enhance-
sustainable development. While sustainable de-
ment of their GIE. To ensure the accuracy and
effectiveness of the calculation results for the GIE velopment represents the purpose and direction,
of SNEs, it is necessary to define the estimation innovation serves as the means to reach it. Inno-
method for both efficiency and the parameters in- vation drives economic growth and facilitates the
volved. transition toward sustainable development, while
sustainable development, in turn, sets the require-
ments for innovation, demanding that it moves in
a sustainable direction. Green innovation has the
public nature of research, content diversity, pro-
3.1. Conceptual definition of green cess complexity, and externality of results, which
innovation efficiency in SNEs
is significantly different from traditional innova-
tion.
3.1.1. SNEs
Efficiency is the extent to which resources are
To be specific, the term “SNEs” means the en- fully utilized under certain technological condi-
terprises that possess development characteris- tions to maximize the benefits of production, that
tics of specialization, refinement, uniqueness, and is, resource allocation efficiency, to measure the
novelty. Specialization includes several mean- ratio of different inputs to outputs. 39 Based on the
ings, such as focusing on one industry, special- definition of efficiency, it can be derived that GIE
izing in a few products, concentrating on serv- is a comprehensive index that evaluates regional
ing one type of customer, and specializing in cer- green efficiency, considering both innovation in-
tain regions, 33 as well as possessing specialized puts and environmental losses. This is specifi-
technology, specialized teams, unique resources cally reflected in improving the efficiency of re-
and specialized market groups, 34 and a compar- source elements in product development, promot-
ative advantage in a specific link of the indus- ing economic development by emphasizing eco-
try chain. Refinement includes refined produc- logical protection, and considering undesired out-
tion, management, and services, generating high- puts, such as comprehensively considering energy
quality products and services to occupy a com- loss and pollutant discharge. While emphasizing
parative advantage in the segment. It requires environmental protection, it is also crucial to pay
SMEs to build a scientific and orderly internal attention to the effectiveness of allocating inno-
system, including a customer service system, a vation resources and ensure that there is a cor-
business management system, a personnel man- responding quality in the number of innovation
agement system, a financial management sys- outputs rather than just emphasizing or seeking
tem, etc., to ensure that customers have a good more innovation inputs.
experience. 35 Uniqueness, such as unique technol-
ogy, function, and appearance, 36 provides corre- 3.2. Measurement scheme for green
sponding unique products and services tailored to innovation efficiency of SNEs
different consumer groups. Novelty includes new
3.2.1. Green innovation efficiency and data
products, processes, market mechanisms, man-
envelopment analysis
agement mechanisms, etc., specifically regarding
enterprise technological innovation, institutional Data envelopment analysis is a unique tool de-
innovation, and standard innovation. 37 Therefore, veloped by Charnes et al. 40 in 1978 based on
SNEs refer to SMEs with the characteristics of linear programming. It is primarily used to as-
specialized, refined, unique, and novel. The scale sess the productivity of departments. When there
of the enterprise conforms to the provisions of the are many inputs and outputs, their ratio can be
national “Classification Standard for Small- and used to measure efficiency. It is typically used
Medium-sized Enterprises.” 38 as an indicator to assess performance between
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