Page 26 - IJPS-7-1

Fertility limiting intention and contraceptive use among Indian men

Appendix

Table A1. Odds ratios of use of any method versus not using contraceptive method by major study variables in men aged 20-49 who
did not have fertility intention for additional child, India, 2015-2016.
Background characteristics Model 0 Model I Model II Model III Model IV
Demographic characteristics
Age (in years)
30-39 (20-29) 1.45*** 1.50*** 1.47*** 1.45*** 1.45***
40-49 (20-29) 1.40*** 1.54*** 1.50*** 1.49*** 1.49***
Number of living children
2 (1) 1.41*** 1.31*** 1.38*** 1.39*** 1.38***
3 (1) 1.27*** 1.17** 1.23*** 1.25*** 1.24***
4+ (1) 0.93 0.82*** 0.90 0.92 0.92
Sex composition of living children
All daughters (all sons) 0.80*** 0.83*** 0.90* 0.89* 0.89*
# of sons = # of daughters (all sons) 1.04 1.02 1.01 1.00 0.99
# of daughters > # of sons (all sons) 0.89*** 1.02 1.01 0.99 1.00
# of sons > # of daughters (all sons) 0.87*** 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.97
Socio-economic characteristics
Educational attainment
Primary school (no education) 1.12** 1.03 1.04 1.01
Secondary school (no education) 1.23*** 0.98 0.99 0.94
High school or above (no education) 1.41*** 1.01 1.01 0.95
Current occupation
Not working (manual worker) 0.66*** 0.67*** 0.69*** 0.69***
Professional (manual worker) 1.03 0.83*** 0.83** 0.83**
Clerical/sales/service (manual worker) 0.90** 0.80*** 0.79*** 0.79***
Agriculture (manual worker) 0.74*** 0.77*** 0.77*** 0.78***
Wealth quintile
Poorer (poorest) 1.41*** 1.35*** 1.38*** 1.29***
Middle (poorest) 1.52*** 1.45*** 1.45*** 1.30***
Richer (poorest) 1.57*** 1.51*** 1.53*** 1.36***
Richest (poorest) 2.02*** 1.87*** 1.86*** 1.66***
Current residence
Rural (urban) 0.93** 1.14*** 1.14*** 1.14***
Regions
Central (North) 0.57*** 0.68*** 0.72*** 0.72***
East (North) 0.53*** 0.67*** 0.68*** 0.68***
Northeast (North) 0.90** 1.05 1.01 1.01
West (North) 0.54*** 0.55*** 0.57*** 0.57***
South (North) 0.41*** 0.41*** 0.44*** 0.42***
Religious and cultural factors
Religion
Muslim (Hindu) 1.09* 0.90* 0.91*
Others or no religion (Hindu) 1.41*** 1.09* 1.10*
Caste
SCs/STs (others) 0.76*** 0.89** 0.89**
OBCs (others) 0.67*** 0.82*** 0.83***
Social media exposure
Any social media exposure (no) 1.56*** 1.33***
N NA 36,918 36,863 35,086 35,086
-log likelihood NA 21,922.47 21,382.86 20,206.5 20,176.52
(1) The odds ratio is based on logistic models. Category is the parentheses is the reference group. (2) SCs/STs: Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes; OBCs: Other backward
castes. (3) “N” is different due to missing values in the predictors (caste and occupation). “NA,” not applicable. (4) Model 0 refers to results without controlling any other
variable. (5) *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

20 International Journal of Population Studies | 2021, Volume 7, Issue 1