Page 34 - JCBP-1-2

Journal of Clinical and
Basic Psychosomatics Satisfaction of home-school cooperation

KMO value is 0.91, demonstrating good reliability and (r = 0.42, P < 0.001) and was significantly negatively
validity. correlated with rejection (r = −0.18, P = 0.001), and
overprotection (r = −0.16, P = 0.003).
2.2.5. Parents’ education anxiety questionnaires
3.3. Test for the chain mediation effect
The Parents’ Education Anxiety Scale, developed by Li ,
[39]
was sent to the parents to measure their education anxiety. The results of regression analysis are presented in
This questionnaire includes 14 items measuring anxiety Table 2. It showed that, first, parents’ satisfaction
from three sources: employment, exams, and health. It significantly negatively predicted education anxiety
adopts a 5-point Likert scale which ranges from 1 (never) (β = −0.237, P < 0.001), and significantly positively predicted
to 5 (always), where the higher scores in any dimension emotional warmth (β = 0.176, P = 0.001) and mental
indicate a higher anxiety level in that dimension. The resilience (β = 0.123, P < 0.014); second, education anxiety
overall Cronbach’s α coefficient is 0.95, and the Cronbach’s significantly negatively predicted emotional warmth
α coefficients for the three dimensions are 0.93, 0.85, and (β = −0.179, P = 0.001) and mental resilience (β = −0.228,
0.78, respectively, and the KMO value is 0.95, exhibiting P < 0.001); third, emotional warmth significantly positively
good reliability and validity. predicted mental resilience (β = 0.344, P < 0.001).
2.3. Statistical analysis This study used AMOS (version 24) to establish
a structural equation model (SEM) and examine the
The data were analyzed with SPSS26.0 and the PROCESS significance of the path coefficient between these variables.
macro (version 4.1). Tests for common methods bias, The results showed that the path coefficient between these
descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression variables was all significant, indicated that: (i) Parents’
analysis were conducted on SPSS26.0. The chain mediation satisfaction can influence children’s mental resilience
effects were analyzed using Model 6 in PROCESS macro, directly and (ii) both education anxiety and emotionally
and the fit of the chain mediation model was assessed warm parenting style are independent mediators and chain
using AMOS (version 24). Results with P < 0.05 and 95% mediators in the relationship between parents’ satisfaction
confidence intervals not including zero were considered and children’s mental resilience. The hypothesized model
statistically significant in this study. is shown in Figure 1.
3. Results Based on the SEM, a bias-corrected percentile
bootstrap method with 5000 iterations was performed
3.1. Common method bias test
with the PROCESS macro: Parents’ satisfaction was the
Herman’s single-factor test, borrowed from Tang and Wen’s independent variable, children’s mental resilience the
research of common method bias testing, was employed dependent variable, and education anxiety and parenting
[40]
to detect common method bias in this study. Exploratory style the mediating variables. The result of this analysis
factor analysis (without rotation) was performed on the is shown in Table 3. It showed that the 95% confidence
items of parents’ satisfaction with home-school cooperation, interval for path 1, which is mediated by education anxiety,
mental resilience, education anxiety, and parenting style. It was [0.03, 0.12], with a small effect size of 0.007, indicating
was found that 11 factors had eigenvalues larger than one. that parents’ satisfaction can alleviate education anxiety
The first factor explained 23.52% of the variance, which was and hence enhance children’s mental resilience. Again, the
smaller than the standard threshold of 40%, suggesting that 95% confidence interval for path 2, which was mediated by
the common method bias was non-significant. emotionally warm parenting style, was [0.03, 0.13], with a
small effect size of 0.07, implying that higher satisfaction
3.2. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis
tends to elicit emotionally warm parenting style, which
The descriptive statistics and correlation analysis for each improves children’s mental resilience. In addition, the
variable are shown in Table 1. The result of Spearman’s 95% confidence interval for path 3, which was mediated
correlation analysis showed that parents’ satisfaction of mutually by education anxiety and emotionally warm
home-school cooperation was significantly positively parenting style was [0.00, 0.04], and the 95% confidence
correlated with mental resilience (r = 0.25, P < 0.001), interval for the total mediation effect was [0.10, 0.22],
and emotional warmth (r = 0.22, P < 0.001), and with a small effect size of 0.16. This suggests that higher
significantly negatively correlated with education anxiety satisfaction can also firstly alleviate education anxiety,
(r = −0.24, P < 0.001), rejection (r = −0.30, P < 0.001), and further promoting an emotionally warm parenting style,
overprotection (r = −0.26, P < 0.001); mental resilience was through which children’s mental resilience is enhanced.
significantly positively correlated with emotional warmth The effect sizes of the three paths, relative to the total

Volume 1 Issue 2 (2023) 4 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcbp.1109