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Gonda et al. | Journal of Clinical and Translational Research 2024; 10(1): 33-51 39
Acknowledgments Mustapha S, Herrera-Calderon O, et al. Management of
SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Key Focus in Macrolides Efficacy
The authors would also like to thank the Okinawan patients for COVID-19. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021;8:642313.
for their participation in this study. This study was part of the [6] Rashad A, Nafady A, Hassan MH, Mansour H, Taya U,
Okinawa–Fukushima Obesity Project and Drug Research for Bazeed SE, et al. Therapeutic Efficacy of Macrolides in
Astatine-221 Targeted Alfa Therapy Project. Dr. Gonda, the
corresponding author, was participating in this project and was Management of Patients with Mild COVID-19. Sci Rep
practicing medicine in Okinawa Prefecture. 2021;11:16361.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95900-z
Funding [7] Millán-Oñate J, Millan W, Mendoza LA, Sánchez CG,

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding Fernandez-Suarez H, Bonilla-Aldana DK, et al. Successful
agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Recovery of COVID-19 Pneumonia in a Patient from
Colombia After Receiving Chloroquine and Clarithromycin.
Conflict of Interest Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020;19:16.
doi: 10.1186/s12941-020-00358-y
The authors declare no competing interest in this study or its
publication. [8] Snow TA, Longobardo A, Brealey D, Down J, Satta G,
Singer M, et al. Beneficial Ex Vivo Immunomodulatory
Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate and Clinical Effects of Clarithromycin in COVID-19.
J Infect Chemother 2022;28:948-54.
The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the
Declaration of Helsinki, and it was registered and approved by the doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.04.001
Ethics Committee and Review Board of Daido Central Hospital [9] Takahashi E, Kataoka K, Indalao IL, Konoha K, Fujii K,
(approval ID: daido0036) (May 2022). Written informed consent was Chida J, et al. Oral Clarithromycin Enhances Airway
obtained from all the subjects before their participation in the study. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Immunity through Induction
of IgA Class Switching Recombination and B-cell-
Consent for Publication Activating Factor of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family
Molecule on Mucosal Dendritic Cells in Mice Infected
Written informed consent for releasing their data and/or images with Influenza A Virus. J Virol 2012;86:10924-34.
in this paper was obtained from all the subjects in the study.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.01207-12
Availability of Data [10] Sugiyama K, Shirai R, Mukae H, Ishimoto H, Nagata T,
Sakamoto N, et al. Differing Effects of Clarithromycin
Data are available from the corresponding author upon
reasonable request. and Azithromycin on Cytokine Production by Murine
Dendritic Cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2007;147:540-6.
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