Page 43 - JCTR-11-2

Journal of Clinical and
Translational Research miRNA in pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis

biological markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;1:CD004875.
these diseases. Despite their potential, several challenges doi: 10.1002/14651858.cd004875.pub5
must be addressed before miRNA-based therapies can be
translated into clinical practice. A major hurdle is the lack 2. Steinhoff MC. Viral Vaccines for the Prevention of
Childhood Pneumonia in Developing Nations: Priorities
of target specificity, as miRNAs can modulate multiple and Prospects. Rev Infect Dis 1991;13:S562-70.
genes, raising the risk of off-target effects. Furthermore,
efficient and targeted delivery of miRNA therapeutics to doi: 10.1093/clinids/13.supplement-6.s562
lung tissues remains technically challenging due to issues 3. Gereige RS, Laufer PM. Pneumonia Published Correction
related to stability, uptake, and biodistribution. Appears in Pediatr Rev. 2014 Jan;35(1):29. Dosage Error in
Article Text. Pediatr Rev 2013;34:438-56.
In conclusion, miRNA-based diagnostics and therapies
represent a promising frontier for the management of doi: 10.1542/pir.34-10-438
pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis. Further research 4. Arnold FW, Summersgill JT, Ramirez JA. Role of Atypical
is warranted to deepen our understanding of miRNA Pathogens in the Etiology of Community-Acquired
mechanisms in the therapeutic context. These efforts may Pneumonia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2016;37:819-28.
pave the way for novel, targeted treatment strategies that doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1592121
significantly improve outcomes in patients with these
serious respiratory diseases. 5. Pardo A, Selman M. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis:
New Insights in its Pathogenesis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol
Acknowledgments 2002;34:1534-8.
doi: 10.1016/s1357-2725(02)00091-2
The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of
Pharmaceutical Technology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad 6. Padilla M. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The Role of
University of Technology, India, and Charaktala College of Pathobiology in Making A Definitive Diagnosis. Am J
Pharmacy, India, for providing them with the opportunity Manag Care 2015;21:s276-83.
and resources to write this review. 7. Thannickal VJ, Toews GB, White ES, Lynch JP 3 ,
rd
Martinez FJ. Mechanisms of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Annu Rev
Funding Med 2004;55:395-417.
None. doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.55.091902.103810
8. Lu TX, Rothenberg ME. MicroRNA. J Allergy Clin Immunol
Conflict of interest 2018;141:1202-7.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.08.034

Author contributions 9. Bushati N, Cohen SM. Microrna Functions. Annu Rev Cell
Dev Biol 2007;23:175-205.
Conceptualization: Bhaskar Pal, Said Afredi, Krishan Maity doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123406
Writing – original draft: Bhaskar Pal, Said Afredi, Krishan
Maity 10. Mohr AM, Mott JL. Overview of MicroRNA Biology. Semin
Writing – review & editing: All authors Liver Dis 2015;35:3-11.
doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1397344
Ethics approval and consent to participate
11. Romero-Cordoba SL, Salido-Guadarrama I, Rodriguez-
Not applicable. Dorantes M, Hidalgo-Miranda A. MiRNA Biogenesis:
Biological Impact in the Development of Cancer. Cancer
Consent for publication Biol Ther 2014;15:1444-55.
Not applicable. doi: 10.4161/15384047.2014.955442

Availability of data 12. O’Carroll D, Schaefer A. General Principals of
MiRNA Biogenesis and Regulation in the Brain.
Not applicable. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013;38:39-54.
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Volume 11 Issue 2 (2025) 37 doi: 10.36922/JCTR025080009