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Microbes & Immunity

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Occurrence and seroprevalence of infectious

viral, bacterial, and protozoal diseases among
patients attending the Ore General Hospital in

southwestern Nigeria

1
Joseph Oyiguh Abraham 1,2 , Cornelius Arome Omatola * ,
2
Zacharia Kadiayeno Egbunu , Monica Ochofie Iyanda ,
2
1
1
Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo , Ruth Foluke Aminu , Emmanuel Edegbo ,
1
3
4
Olubunmi Marvelous Emurotu , Danjuma Muhammed , Jesse Joseph Chock ,
1
Joseph Taiwo Chukwuma Onwuatuegwu , Danjuma Salisu Ibrahim ,
5
6
7
Sumaila Ndah Akpala , David Moses Adaji , Sunday Ocholi Samson ,
8
9
1
1
1
Joshua Idakwo , Oiza Aishat Musa , Eneojo Monday Akor , John Umoru Sani ,
10
and Nwobodo Afam Humphrey 11
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University,
Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
2 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Science, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Idah,
Kogi State, Nigeria
3 Department of Biology, Epidemiology, and Public Health Unit, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, Malaysia
*Corresponding author:
Cornelius Arome Omatola Abstract
(omatola.ca@ksu.edu.ng)
Infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, protozoans, and fungi continue to
Citation: Abraham JO,
Omatola CA, Egbunu ZK, et al. pose significant challenges globally, with transmission routes including person-to-
Occurrence and seroprevalence person contact, animal vectors, and environmental exposure. Despite global efforts
of infectious viral, bacterial, and to control these diseases, limited studies and resource constraints in Ore, Nigeria,
protozoal diseases among patients
attending the Ore General Hospital have led to increasing prevalence, highlighting the need for targeted public health
in southwestern Nigeria. Microbes & interventions. This study aimed to determine the distribution of infectious diseases
Immunity. 2024;1(2):57-69. among patients attending General Hospital Ore, Odigbo, Nigeria. Serum samples
doi: 10.36922/mi.3283
from consenting patients were assayed for the presence of malaria parasites, human
Received: March 27, 2024 immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Salmonella
Accepted: July 16, 2024 infection, Helicobacter pylori infection, high vaginal swab (HVS) results, and urinary
tract infections (UTIs). The subjects included 1900 males (38.8%) and 3000 females
Published Online: October 9, 2024
(61.2%). The overall prevalence rates were as follows: HIV (40%), malaria (35%),
Copyright: © 2024 Author(s). typhoid (37.5%), HBsAg (20%), H. pylori (6.3%), HVS (45%), and UTIs (10%). The high
This is an Open-Access article rates of infectious diseases observed in this study, compared to rates reported
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution elsewhere, suggest the need to strengthen public health measures and infection
License, permitting distribution, prevention strategies in the area. In addition, routine screening for these diseases and
and reproduction in any medium, early passive or active immunization for vaccine-preventable diseases are essential
provided the original work is
properly cited. to further reduce the burden of these infections.
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with Keywords: Infectious diseases; Distribution; Ondo State; Human immunodeficiency virus;
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional Hepatitis B surface antigen; Urinary tract infections
affiliations.
Volume 1 Issue 2 (2024) 57 doi: 10.36922/mi.3283