Page 67 - MI-1-2

Microbes & Immunity Viral, bacterial, and protozoal diseases

in females. The rate of typhoid fever in the females was
% Prev. 0 7.8 12.5 8 10 10.6 14.3 10 twice as high as the rate in their male counterparts (20%
Urinary tract infections No. (+ve) 0 7 15 8 10 10 10 60 (20% each). H. pylori prevalence was 5.4% (8/150) in males
vs. 40%), while an equal proportion was infected by HBV

against 8% (12/150) of the females. UTI was lower in the
No. screened 30 90 120 100 100 95 70 600 males (8%) compared to the females (11.5%). However, the
observed difference was not significant (P > 0.05) (Table 3).

3.4. Distribution of infectious diseases based on
High vaginal swab % Prev. No. No. (+ve) screened 0 0 2 46.7 14 30 50 20 40 50 25 50 42.9 15 35 50 10 20 26.1 6 23 45 90 200 occupation

Civil servants with an HIV prevalence of 50% (100/200)
and a UTI rate of 20% had the predominance of HIV
and UTIs compared to the other occupational categories.
Similarly, students in the study had malaria predominance
(43.5%), the clergy had a predominance of typhoid fever
Helicobacter pylori % No. No. Prev. (+ve) screened 0 0 0 0 0 10 7.5 3 40 6 3 50 7.5 6 8 5.8 4 70 8 4 50 6.3 20 300 (62.5%), artisans had hepatitis B surface antigenemia
predominance (40%), while subjects involved in trading
had H. pylori predominance of infection (8.4%) relative to
the other occupational groups (Table 4).
3.5. Distribution of infectious disease based on
education status

Hepatitis B surface antigen % No. Prev. (+ve) 0 0 8 2 16 8 25 25 23.6 20 18.8 15 16.7 10 20 80 Holders of primary school certificates had a higher
H. pylori of 7.5% (3/40) compared to those with secondary
and tertiary qualifications. Those with senior secondary
school certificates generally had a higher prevalence of HIV
(45%), malaria (38.5%), typhoid infection (35.8%), and HBV
screened
No.
100
400
25
60
80
85
50
0
Table 2. Age distribution of some infectious diseases in Ore, Ondo State, Nigeria
(20%) infections compared to the other educational groups
(Table 5). Statistically, the observed difference was significant
% Prev. 20 43.8 35.8 35.8 33.4 30 40 37.5 (P < 0.05). Those with tertiary institutions had more UTIs
(12.5%, 10/80) compared to the others in the group (Table 5).
Typhoid No. (+ve) 18 35 25 25 20 15 12 150 3.6. Distribution of infectious diseases based on
marital status
No. screened 40 80 70 70 60 50 30 400 The divorced had a higher prevalence of HIV (62.5%),
followed by the married and widowed (50% each) and
% Prev. 40 35.3 37.5 33.4 32.2 34.8 30 35 singles (10%), respectively. A statistically significant
difference was observed between marital status and
Malaria No. (+ve) 100 120 60 100 90 80 60 700 the occurrence of HIV in patients (P < 0.05). Similarly,
the divorced had significantly more malaria (50%) than
No. screened 250 340 400 300 280 230 200 2000 the singles 35.8%, married (30%), and widowed (25%)
patients. Further, typhoid fever was more prevalent among
the divorced patients (45%) compared to the singles (40%)
Prev.
45.5
41.7
37.5
42.9
and married (37.5%) patients. In the singles, the prevalence
immunodeficiency No. (+ve) 0 50 80 100 80 60 80 400 of HBsAg was 20% (16/80), which is higher than the 15%
%
40
40
40
0
Human virus No. screened 40 120 200 220 200 140 80 1000 Abbreviation: Prev.: Prevalence. patients. In general, the prevalence of H. pylori was fairly
and 5% rates observed among divorced and married
close, as it was 5% among singles, 6% among the married,
and 6.7% in divorced patients. Statistically, the difference
singles (1.2%) and highest among the divorced (33.7%)
Age range (years) 0 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 30 31 – 40 41 – 50 51 – 60 61 – 70 Total was not significant (P > 0.05). UTI was lowest among the
(Table 6).
Volume 1 Issue 2 (2024) 61 doi: 10.36922/mi.3283