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VZV manipulates host cell functions – such as inhibiting Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2023;87(3):e0011622.
apoptosis or altering cell cycle regulation – could shed doi: 10.1128/mmbr.00116-22
light on how normal cells might transform into cancerous 3. Kennedy PG, Mogensen TH. Determinants of neurological
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VZV is merely a viral pathogen or if it could also act as J Neurovirol. 2020;26(4):482-495.
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in certain cells or conditions, similar to other viruses in the
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Acknowledgments doi: 10.2217/fvl.10.90
None. 5. Kennedy PGE, Gershon AA. Clinical features of varicella-
zoster virus infection. Viruses. 2018;10(11):609.
Funding
doi: 10.3390/v10110609
None.
6. Jones D, Como CN, Jing L, et al. Varicella zoster virus
Conflict of interest productively infects human peripheral blood mononuclear
cells to modulate expression of immunoinhibitory proteins
Shizue Mito is the Youth Editorial Board Member of this and blocking PD-L1 enhances virus-specific CD8+ T cell
journal but was not in any way involved in the editorial effector function. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15(3):e1007650.
and peer-review process conducted for this paper, directly doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007650
or indirectly. Separately, other authors declared that they 7. Wyburn-Mason R. Malignant change arising in tissues
have no known competing financial interests or personal affected by herpes. Br Med J. 1955;2(4948):1106-1109.
relationships that could have influenced the work reported
in this paper. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.4948.1106
8. Sorel O, Messaoudi I. Insights into the pathogenesis of
Author contributions varicella viruses. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2019;6(3):156-165.
Conceptualization: Fernando Cisneros IV, Blake Martin doi: 10.1007/s40588-019-00119-2
Supervision: Shizue Mito 9. Wrensch M, Weinberg A, Wiencke J, et al. History of
Visualization: Fernando Cisneros IV chickenpox and shingles and prevalence of antibodies
Writing – original draft: Fernando Cisneros IV, Blake to varicella-zoster virus and three other herpesviruses
Martin among adults with glioma and controls. Am J Epidemiol.
Writing – review & editing: Fernando Cisneros IV, Shizue 2005;161(10):929-938.
Mito doi: 10.1093/aje/kwi119
Ethics approval and consent to participate 10. Multhoff G, Molls M, Radons J. Chronic inflammation in
cancer development. Front Immunol. 2011;2:98.
Not applicable.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00098
Consent for publication 11. Cotton SJ, Belcher J, Rose P, Jagadeesan SK, Neal RD.
The risk of a subsequent cancer diagnosis after herpes
Not applicable. zoster infection: Primary care database study. Br J Cancer.
Availability of data 2013;108(3):721-726.
doi: 10.1038/bjc.2013.13
Not applicable.
12. Fueyo MA, Lookingbill DP. Herpes zoster and occult
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Volume 2 Issue 3 (2025) 25 doi: 10.36922/mi.8320

