Page 9 - MSAM-1-3

Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing Biodegradable sustainable electronics

Table 1. Dissolution rate of various biodegradable electroactive materials
Electroactive material Dissolution rate References
DI water Hanks’ solution PBS buffer
Mg foil - 1.08 µm/day - [3]
Mg 1.7 × 10 nm/day - - [16]
3
MgO/Mg (OH) 5 – 8 nm/day - - [17]
2
MgO ~50 nm/h - - [21]
Mg – 1Zn – 0.2 Sr - - 0.53 – 5.09 mm/year - [22]
Mg – 1Zn – 1Sr alloys
W foil - 0.19 μm/day 0.15 μm/day [9]
W - - 300 – 700 µm/year [23]
ce-WS2 - - 5 – 8 nm/week [16]
W/MgO/Mg/W-based device 20 min - - [24]
W and Mo oxides ~0.2 – 0.5 nm/day - - [17]
Mo (1 ± 0.1) × 10 µm/h - - [7]
-3
Mo 7 nm/day - 2 nm/day [16]
Mo foil - 0.005 μm/day 0.02 μm/day [9]
ce-MoS - - 10 – 20 nm/week [16]
2
Zn foil - 7.2 μm/day 3.5 μm/day [9]
Zn/PVA 5 days - - [25]
ZnNPs/Ag NWs (5 wt%) 40 h - - [26]
ZnO 15 h - - [27]
Zn: PVP: glycerol: methanol (7:0.007:2:1) 25 min - - [28]
Fe foil - 0.005 μm/day 0.08 μm/day [9]
Si NM - - 5 nm/day [16]
Si NM - - 4.5 nm/day [29]
Monocrystalline Si NMs 0.2 nm/day 58 nm/day 4.8 ± 0.2 nm/day [15]
SiO - - 14 nm/day [16]
2
Poly-Si 2.8 nm/day - - [19]
a-Si 4.1 nm/day - - [19]
SiGe 0.1 nm/day - - [19]
Ge 3.1 nm/day - - [19]
SiO 0.13 nm/h - - [20]
2
Si N 0.0044 nm/h - - [20]
3 4
Silk/PEDOT: PSS ~10 days - - [30]
GG5 ~0.85%/day - - [31]
GP: G (0.9:5 – 1.8:2.5) ~0.9% – 0.01%/day - - [31]
PPOMaC 4 - - 77.50 ± 1.93% (10 weeks) [32]
EPPOMaC 8 - - 18.45 ± 4.44% (10 weeks) [32]

fundamental mechanisms and consequences which are appear on the surfaces as dissolution products, where they
established through in-depth experiments employing can act as protective layers to slow down the dissolution of
metal films in deionized (DI) water. In every case, majorly underlying metal; and (iii) the formed residual oxide layers
three types of changes were observed: (i) Mass loss happens dissolve much more slowly than the metal.
at rates lower than the electrical dissolution rate (EDR), Thus, it is important to study the degradation process
primarily because micropores and/or pits form; (ii) oxides of metals impacted by dissolution kinetics. Equation I

Volume 1 Issue 3 (2022) 3 https://doi.org/10.18063/msam.v1i3.15