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Tumor Discovery Cell-cell communication in cancer

Cancer cells engage in complex interactions with
neighboring cancerous and stromal cells through direct
cell-to-cell contact and paracrine signaling. Long-range
communication with distant organ sites is facilitated by
extracellular vesicles, exosomes and signaling molecules
such as cytokines, hormones, and growth factors. These
signaling events are crucial for cancer cell survival,
metastasis, and immune evasion. To effectively combat
cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis, it is essential
to understand how cancer cells communicate within their
microenvironment and with distant organ sites.
As cancer evolves and evades treatment, therapies
must also adapt. New research, particularly on cell-
to-cell communication, is continually enhancing our
understanding of how to treat and manage this devastating
disease.

Acknowledgments
None.
Funding

None.
Conflict of interest

The authors declare they have no competing interests.
Author contributions

Conceptualization: Chen Yeh
Writing – original draft: Chen Yeh
Writing – review & editing: All authors
Figure 4. A list of advanced technologies used to analyze cell-to-cell Ethics approval and consent to participate
communication and signal transduction in the complex tumor
microenvironment. Researchers usually combine multiple technologies Not applicable.
to minimize limitations and improve accuracy.
Consent for publication
raloxifene, which block the estrogen signals that promote Not applicable.
38
breast cancer cell growth. Additionally, aromatase
inhibitors such as letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane Availability of data
work by blocking estrogen production. Research is Not applicable.
39
increasingly focusing on metastasis due to the scarcity of
drugs targeting these metastatic steps and the limited options References
for closely monitoring the metastasis process in patients.
1. Su J, Song Y, Zhu Z, et al. Cell-cell communication: New
6. Conclusion insights and clinical implications. Signal Transduct Target
Ther. 2024;9:196.
For many years, tumors were seen as masses of rogue cells doi: 10.1038/s41392-024-01888-z
growing uncontrollably due to abnormal cell signaling
pathways. However, as our understanding of the disease 2. Chiodoni C, Di Martino MT, Zazzeroni F, et al. Cell
deepens, it becomes clear that the communication communication and signaling: How to turn bad language
pathways cancer cells use among themselves and with their into positive one. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38(1):128.
microenvironment are far more sophisticated. doi: 10.1186/s13046-019-1122-2

Volume 4 Issue 2 (2025) 97 doi: 10.36922/td.8323