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Arts & Communication AI in teacher education and critical thinking

Digital Future Society states that the different 2. Practical applications
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virtual platforms we find today are ideal for spreading
disinformation due to, on the one hand, the vertiginous 2.1. Image analysis
growth of the circulation of information and, on the Through this analysis, we seek to understand how emerging
other hand, the difficulty in knowing the sources from visual technologies can foster critical skills in a constantly
which the information emanates; something that evolving digital and media context.
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Virilio already predicted at the end of the last century. Considering integrity, it is important to assess the ability
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The causes of this disinformation have a great impact of AI to generate images that appear realistic, the challenge
on the achievement of human rights, in addition to the is to develop a critical attitude toward visual information.
monitoring of democratic norms, since they disturb Due to the proliferation of AI-generated images, evaluating
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the trust of citizens. Furthermore, they distort the their veracity and authenticity is necessary to analyze
audience’s opinion by conditioning their choice, which whether the image reflects reality or is the product of an
ceases to be free and fair, to favor digital violence, as well artificial simulation. This exercise fosters critical skills that
as repression. allow us to discern between real images and those that have
Most of the images produced, and in a broader sense been digitally created with specific intentions (Table 1).
of artistic practice, operate from an expectation that they
try to fulfill. That expectation was what Brea was talking 2.1.1. Fictional recreations
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about when he pointed to recognizable figures that present Fictional recreations are visual or audiovisual
us with a promise of the future. From a phenomenological representations created with technological tools, such as
point of view, these images are expressed in terms of AI or computer-generated imagery, whose purpose is not
appearance, seemingly in their appearance in the world, by to imitate or falsify reality, but to generate imaginative,
the conviction of being a gift from the wise to the ignorant. artistic, or narrative content. These creations may include
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The use of figures from popular culture to influence a fantastic landscapes, fictional characters, imaginary
particular moment gives these images the ability to be worlds, or abstract visualizations. Their approach does
emblematic, express ideas, and present themselves as a not seek to confuse the viewer but to inspire, educate,
model to follow. 13 or entertain. Fictional recreations are common in film
The overall objective of this article is to analyze productions, advertising, graphic design, or even scientific
the relationship between AI-generated images and the and historical representations. Unlike deepfakes, fictional
development of critical thinking, exploring how the recreations are not intended to be indistinguishable from
creation, interpretation, and use of these images influence reality. Although some may be very realistic, their main
the ability of future teachers to evaluate the veracity of intention is clear: to show artificial creations that, in many
visual information, identify underlying biases, reflect on cases, the public knows do not represent real events.
creative processes, and consider the associated ethical About this, we can analyze these AI-generated images
implications. from a playful perspective, where the relationship of what
The study focuses on the great power they have from is seen on screen as fiction is emphasized, which should
a communicative point of view and the ever-increasing be interpreted as a positive resource, as far as narrative
presence they have in society; in many cases they go strategy is concerned.
unnoticed, not knowing how to distinguish reality from Thus, the interest of cinema lies in the fact that,
falsehood in what we see. From this conviction, there by making use of the great previous icons who have
are currently few theoretical references regarding the already passed away, they have a great commercial pull
conceptual apparatus necessary to address, from arts by appearing in a renewed way on the screen. It creates
education, in the training of primary school teachers, the fictional characters that reflect the actors in their youth,
task of teaching literacy in iconic terms about the urgency as was seen, for the first time, with Princess Leia in Rogue
of these imaginaries. One: A Star Wars Story. This line stands out in the Gemini
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Based on the above, we analyze these new imaginaries film where a replicant appears in the move Blade Runner,
that are often located between the technical and the artistic, where a young Will Smith was realized with AI. Another
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depending on which cases their use should be understood example can be found in the film Ip Man 4, where a
in a positive or negative sense. This will be explained recreation of Bruce Lee appears.
throughout the study and will be the focus of much of the Another example can be found in the recreation of
argument developed. deceased artists, as happened in 2019 with the Dali Lives

Volume 3 Issue 3 (2025) 3 doi: 10.36922/ac.5047