Page 10 - AJWEP-22-4

Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. Vol. 22, No. 4 (2025), pp. 2-17.
doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025110069

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Internet of things-based water quality monitoring: A case
study in the coastal areas of Semarang city and Kendal

Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

Rizky Muliani Dwi Ujianti * , Mega Novita , Aan Burhanudin ,
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Muchamad Malik , Agus Mukhtar , Althesa Androva , Roies Nur Ingsan ,
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Alfan Najihil Wafa , and Jeki Mediantari Wahyu Wibawanti 4
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1 Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Universitas PGRI Semarang, Semarang, Central
Java, Indonesia
2 Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Universitas PGRI Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Universitas PGRI Semarang, Central Java,
Semarang, Indonesia
4 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Universitas Muhamamdiyah Purworejo, Purworejo,
Central Java, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: Rizky Muliani Dwi Ujianti (rizkymuliani@upgris.ac.id)

Received: March 10, 2025; Revised: May 30, 2025; Accepted: June 3, 2025; Published online: June 24, 2025

Abstract: Coastal areas serve as vital habitats for aquatic organisms, but they are facing increasing environmental
degradation due to pollution and human activities. Continuous and accurate water quality monitoring in these regions
is essential for sustainable ecosystem management. This study presents a novel Internet of Things (IoT)-based water
quality monitoring system that distinguishes itself from prior approaches through its real-time, second-by-second data
acquisition, on-site display, and low-cost architecture tailored for tropical coastal environments. The system utilizes
a Node MicroController unit microcontroller integrated with pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids sensors. It
displays data through a liquid crystal display and transmits it to a cloud-based server for further analysis. Calibration
of the sensors resulted in an average error rate of 2.0%, which is within the acceptable range for practical water
quality assessment. A key innovation of this system is its continuous monitoring and instant detection of deviations
in water quality parameters, enhancing the responsiveness to potential environmental threats. This solution reduces
the dependence on labor-intensive manual sampling and enables long-term historical data storage and analysis,
supporting data-driven decision-making by researchers and local authorities. The results demonstrate that the IoT-
based monitoring system is reliable, cost-effective, and adaptable, making it a promising tool for the sustainable
management of coastal water ecosystems in Semarang city and Kendal Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.

Keywords: Water quality; Internet of Things; Coastal area; Central Java; Indonesia

1. Introduction It provides a habitat for aquatic organisms such as
plankton, fish, lobster, and zoobenthos, as well
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Water is critical for maintaining and supporting life on as aquatic plants such as mangrove, seaweed, and
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Earth and various aspects of ecosystem sustainability. seagrass. Water is also important for the balance
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Volume 22 Issue 4 (2025) 2 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025110069