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Liu and Jusoh

                 Table A3. Economic support (resources and technology) from different government departments
                 Code   Support progress  Category        Details
                 G1     Technical support  Content        Provided classification management manuals, waste treatment process
                                                          guidelines, and organized training programs
                                         Measures         Allocated special funds; collaborated with universities to hold regular
                                                          technical sharing sessions
                                         Acceptance level  Enterprises show interest in financial support, but participation rates in
                                                          technical training remain low
                                         Effectiveness    Funding has preliminarily improved waste classification and treatment
                                                          efficiency in some enterprises
                        Advanced         Type             Introduced an intelligent waste classification recognition system
                        technology       Improvement      Significant improvements in automation and accuracy, reducing human
                                                          errors and associated costs
                                         Effectiveness    The system demonstrated positive outcomes but requires further
                                                          adjustments to align with real-world construction scenarios
                                         Adaptability     The applicability is relatively high, though equipment upgrade costs
                                                          need to be considered.
                 G2     Technical support  Content        Provided dedicated vehicles for waste transportation and established
                                                          construction waste sorting centers
                                         Measures         Offered free treatment services for properly classified construction waste
                                                          and fuel subsidies for waste transportation companies
                                         Acceptance level  Construction units acknowledged that transportation support significantly
                                                          reduced their burden, but remain hesitant about utilizing sorting centers
                                         Effectiveness    The coordination mechanism between transportation and sorting has
                                                          shown initial success, though inadequate waste classification continues
                                                          to limit its effectiveness
                        Advanced         Type             Promoted precast production technology using recycled aggregates, such
                        technology                        as processing waste concrete into bricks and curb stones
                                         Improvement      Significantly enhanced the strength and durability of recycled materials
                                         Effectiveness    Applied on a small scale in municipal projects, yielding stable results
                                         Adaptability     Highly applicable, but policy support is required to mitigate the
                                                          economic risks for enterprises adopting the technology
                 G3     Technical support  Content        Required construction units to submit construction waste management
                                                          plans during project approval processes and provided a data-sharing
                                                          platform for recycling units
                                         Measures         Used approval authority to monitor construction units’ compliance with
                                                          classification responsibilities. Encouraged recycling units to develop
                                                          new technologies through policy incentives and rewards
                                         Acceptance level  Construction units demonstrated strong compliance with approval
                                                          requirements.
                                         Effectiveness    The initiative enhanced the standardization of construction waste
                                                          management, though government departments lack complementary
                                                          regulatory measures.
                        Advanced         Type             Pilot promotion of an intelligent construction waste tracking system
                        technology                        (Geographic Information System) to record the entire process from
                                                          construction sites to processing facilities
                                         Improvement      Improved regulatory efficiency and transparency.
                                                                                                             (Cont'd...)




                Volume 22 Issue 5 (2025)                       110                           doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025120080
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