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Li and Wu

on November 12, 2020, General Secretary Xi delivered other greenhouse gases are diverse and more challenging
a video address at the third Paris Peace Forum, further to eliminate or control, CO emission reduction is often
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reaffirming China’s determination to reduce carbon used as a proxy for overall greenhouse gas mitigation in
emissions. In China, government policies serve as national emission reduction targets. To date, countries
guiding principles for state action, aimed at achieving around the world have adopted various expressions to
designated goals through structured regulation. convey their commitment to reducing carbon emissions,
The promulgation of China’s emission and carbon including “energy saving and emission reduction,” “net-
reduction policies has played a crucial role. If policies zero emissions,” “net zero,” and “emission and carbon
are inconsistent with national development or contain reduction.” 5
conflicts and omissions, they may obstruct the smooth
progress of the industry. Therefore, this study aims 2.1. Current research status of carbon emission
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to analyze China’s emission and carbon reduction reduction
support by exploring policy patterns through a data- “Carbon emission” is commonly used as a shorthand for
driven analysis of textual policy documents. Through greenhouse gas emission, referring to the total amount
a quantitative analysis of policy documents and of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere.
government plans – specifically examining state-issued Since the 1960s, climate change has gradually attracted
reports from 2016 to 2023 – a clearer picture of the widespread attention from the international community.
framework underlying China’s emission and carbon Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human
reduction support policies can be obtained. In-depth activities – such as fossil fuel combustion and industrial
textual analysis further reveals their structural evolution production – have been identified as the main cause of
and thematic focus. global warming.
This study identifies several challenges encountered In response, the United Nations Environment
by China during policy formulation and proposes Program established the Intergovernmental Panel on
targeted measures to improve the implementation and Climate Change in 1988 to focus on carbon emission
structural coherence of emission reduction policies. In research – both scientific and political – with the goal
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addition, textual analysis can quantitatively examine of reducing carbon emissions. Liu et al. projected
the national emission and carbon reduction policies carbon emissions in China’s electric power sector from
and highlight the major research themes within China’s 2011 to 2040, with particular emphasis on the effects
policy landscape, with particular attention paid to of electricity consumption per unit of gross domestic
prominent policy directions. This approach aims to offer product and changes in industrial structure. Based on
meaningful guidance for optimizing China’s support observed climate change records in the Malaysian
mechanisms related to emission and carbon reduction region from 2010 to 2015, researchers developed a
efforts in the future. Accordingly, this research initially downscaled, dynamic integrated model of climate and
utilizes latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to identify key economy, designed to support long-term (95-year)
topics and extract representative keywords from the mitigation planning. This model, which incorporated
text, subsequently leveraging word distributions within variables such as temperature, the carbon cycle, carbon
each theme to extract the most salient content. emissions, and carbon control, was used to empirically
The characteristics of the three stages of emission assess vulnerability impacts and explore potential
and carbon reduction policies are then outlined. remediation strategies in response to climate change. 8
Subsequently, the overall evolutionary trends and central Ahmed et al. investigated CO emission drivers
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elements of each phase are synthesized. Finally, the in the regions of China and India – two of the world’s
extracted themes are visualized and analyzed using the largest coal consumers and most populous countries –
Sankey-bubble chart (SBC). Ultimately, the study offers using machine learning techniques, such as the long
practical recommendations and strategies to support the short-term memory method. Wang et al. developed
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advancement of China’s emission and carbon reduction an integrated evaluation system focused on pollution
efforts, grounded in the analytical findings. 4 reduction, carbon mitigation, and economic development
to support regional policy formulation in China. They
2. Literature review analyzed energy, emissions, and CO output data from
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30 provinces between 2016 and 2018, employing the
At present, CO constitutes the majority of greenhouse grey correlation method to conduct a comparative
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gas emissions resulting from human activities. Since the analysis of regional performance. Zhang et al. assessed
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Volume 22 Issue 5 (2025) 154 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025160117