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ML-based C  for side trapezoidal labyrinth weirs
                                                         d
                              A                                   B





















                                                 C





















                Figure 3. Developed gene expression programming output. (A) Sub-expression tree 1. (B) Sub-expression
                tree 2. (C) Sub-expression tree 3.



                             A                                    B





















                Figure 4. Scatter plots of the observed and predicted values of the C  across the four models. (A) Training
                                                                                 d
                phase. (B) Testing phase.
                Abbreviations:  GEP:  Gene  expression  programming;  MARS:  Multivariate  adaptive  regression  splines;
                MLP: Multilayer perception; SVM: Support vector machine.



                Volume 22 Issue 6 (2025)                        83                           doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025120081
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