Page 211 - AJWEP-v22i2

Recycled tires for wastewater treatment

dump fires can last for weeks, poisoning the surrounding The main objective of this research was to explore the
area within a radius of 10 km. potential of using phytoremediation systems with waste
Despite the emergence of new environmentally automobile tires as filtering materials for wastewater
friendly methods of recycling tire waste, the problem of treatment.
environmental pollution due to the storage of used car The purpose of this study was to reduce the pollution
tires in landfills becomes more acute each year. 3 of aquatic ecosystems by introducing phytoremediation
This research proposes an environmentally and cost- technology for wastewater treatment using construction
effective method of wastewater treatment for small waste and used car tires as filter nozzles.
settlements using used car tires and construction waste To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set:
as a filter nozzle, which will improve the state of aquatic (i) To analyze modern methods for the utilization of
ecosystems and increase waste disposal. used car tires
Surface water pollution and waste management are (ii) To evaluate phytoremediation-based methods of
major environmental issues in many countries around wastewater treatment
the world. An evaluation of environmental risks related (iii) To improve the wastewater treatment method
to the degradation of surface waters in Ukraine has through the use of construction waste and used car
revealed that the waterways within the Siversky Donets tires.
River basin are in the most critical state. An analysis
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of the quality of water resources in the Kharkiv region The technological process of wastewater treatment
(Ukraine) indicated that, in many aspects, they fail to at such facilities occurs in two stages. First, mechanical
comply with international and national standards. In and primary wastewater treatment takes place in
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one study, the discharge of wastewater into the Udy septic tanks, where suspended solids are removed by
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River was analyzed over the period from 1992 to 2016. sedimentation. The next stage involves an underground
The investigation into how natural and anthropogenic filter trench system, which may be gravel- or tunnel-
factors influence the ecological condition of the Udy based. The primary function of this trench is to create
River demonstrated that wastewater discharge, with conditions for the development of a significant number
a correlation coefficient of 0.75, represents a major of microorganisms throughout its volume. A biofilm –
contributor to surface water pollution. In addition, a a mucus coating formed by specific microorganisms
multifactor correlation-regression analysis identified the derived from wastewater – develops on the trench’s
natural and anthropogenic factors exerting the greatest filter material and participates in the biological treatment
influence on the hydrochemical characteristics of the process.
Oskil River. The results of the research showed that the Sewage, clarified and pre-treated in the settling
quality of water bodies is most affected by wastewater tanks through the drip biofilter, enters the area of the
discharges and rising air temperatures, which indicates underground filter in portions. The natural soil acts as a
the need to reduce the load from industrial facilities and carrier for the immobilization of microflora. Given that
utilities. 6 the filter unit (composed of used car tires, basalt crumb,
The problem of surface water pollution caused by and gravel) is a porous material, a biofilm begins to
discharges of untreated wastewater in small towns form during the first 2 – 3 weeks of operation. Intensive
without sewerage networks is extremely acute and may mass transfer and the presence of oxygen in the water
lead to emergencies due to the epidemiological risk support the active development of microflora on the
of increasing infectious diseases through recreational filter material, ensuring the completion of the deep
water use. biological purification process.
From the filtering trenches, treated water can either
2. Materials and methods be discharged into the artificial groundwater recharge
system (AGRS) or undergo further treatment at the
2.1. Method background facilities using phytoremediation technology, mainly
The determination of the possibility of using involving shrub plantings on the surface (Figure 1).
phytoremediation facilities with the addition of used Such structures are located around reservoirs,
automobile tires as filtering nozzles for wastewater intercepting pollutant flows. These are either
treatment has become the main focus and scientific neutralized by natural biochemical processes in the
novelty of this study. dams and trenches or transferred to the underground

Volume 22 Issue 2 (2025) 205 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025080051