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Advanced Neurology Losartan and Enalapril in SE

baseline values after 1 week has been previously reported Engineering Research Board, New Delhi, India, to Jatinder
in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy although reasons for Katyal.
the same are not specified . The presence of epilepsy does
[41]
not impact weight gain or weight loss in patients; rather, Conflict of interest
the decisive factors are lifestyle choices and the use of The authors have no conflict of interest.
antiepileptic drugs . The rats that had not experienced
[42]
SE after LiP administration did not show any weight Author contributions
loss, which implies that the weight loss in the initial days
post-SE is seizure-related. Advanced heart failure patients Conceptualization: All authors
developing cachexia show lean and fat body mass loss. Investigation: Jatinder Katyal, Dinesh Joshi
Cardiac cachexia, observed in heart failure patients, serves Methodology: Jatinder Katyal, Dinesh Joshi
as a distinct prognostic factor for mortality, characterized Formal analysis: All authors
by the involvement of neurohormonal and inflammatory Writing – original draft: All authors
mechanisms. This includes the activation of the RAS and Writing – review & editing: All authors
subsequent activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Ethics approval and consent to participate
The detrimental impact of Ang II on white adipose tissue,
resulting in fat and body weight loss, was alleviated by The approval from IAEC, AIIMS, New Delhi, India, was
carvedilol, a non-selective blocker of alpha-1 and beta obtained before carrying out the experiments (ethics
1,2,3-adrenergic receptors, as well as LOS, an AT1 receptor approval no. 885/IAEC/15).
blocker. However, the selective alpha-1 adrenergic blocker
doxazosin did not exhibit the same protective effect Consent for publication
against these catabolic effects . Our results with LOS are Not applicable.
[43]
more consistent with this hypothesis. In rats that had not
experienced SE after LiP administration and were treated Availability of data
with AT, a significant decrease in body weight was seen The data supporting the findings can be obtained upon
from day 9 onwards. The reason for this is not clear but formal request from the corresponding author. All relevant
previously, AT has been associated with weight gain .
[44]
data are included in the paper.
This is one of the few studies that has ascertained the
effect of seizures on cardiac changes and used β1 adrenergic References
antagonists as a positive control. In addition, the pre- and 1. Natelson BH, Suarez RV, Terrence CF, et al., 1998, Patients
post-treatment were carried out with three classes of with epilepsy who die suddenly have cardiac disease. Arch
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antagonists). Since SCS occur in the LiP model as a result, https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.55.6.857
a clinical correlation is possible. In addition, the video
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(i.e., daytime). However, due to high mortality in LiP control stunned myocardium associated with status epileptics and
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results should be deemed preliminary or exploratory. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0499

5. Conclusions 3. Curia G, Longo D, Biagini G, et al., 2008, The pilocarpine
model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurosci Methods,
LOS may be useful in epilepsy due to its cardioprotective 172: 143–157.
effects, beneficial metabolic effects, and potential ability to https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.04.019
prevent epileptogenesis.
4. Damasceno DD, Ferreira AJ, Doretto MC, et al., 2012,
Acknowledgments Cardiovascular dysautonomia after seizures induced by
maximal electroshock in Wistar rats. Seizure, 21: 711–716.
The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Sudheer Arava for
help with histopathology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2012.07.015
5. Lotufo PA, Valiengo L, Benseñor IM, et al., 2012, A
Funding systematic review and meta-analysis of heart rate variability

This work was supported by a research grant from the in epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia, 53: 272–282.
Department of Science and Technology, Science and https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03361.x

Volume 2 Issue 2 (2023) 9 https://doi.org/10.36922/an.0387