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Advanced Neurology Tetrapleura tetraptera protects the hippocampus

normal regulation of its cellular and structural components Ethics approval and consent to participate
can adversely affect or alter its functions, as observed
10
with the PTZ treatment. In contrast, the functions and This study involved the use of animals. Ethical approval
structure of the hippocampus appear to be protected with for the research was obtained from the Faculty of Basic
Medical Sciences Research and Ethical Committee, with
T. tetraptera pre-treatment in the present study, with the approval number: UU_FBMSREC_2022_001.
mechanism of action likely involving the elevation of the
GABAergic pathway. Consent for publication
In summary, PTZ-induced kindling in rats, possibly Not applicable.
through GABAergic inhibition and glutamatergic
stimulation, led to mortality from excitotoxicity, Nissl Availability of data
substance dispersal, NSE upregulation, and GFAP Not applicable.
downregulation in the hippocampal CA3. Pre-treatment
with T. tetraptera doses may have modulated both the Further disclosure
GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways to suppress
kindling, resulting in high quantal protection and minimal Part of this set of findings has been presented in a
effects on Nissl substance, NSE, and GFAP. conference and has been published as an abstract.

5. Conclusion References
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Acknowledgments and national burden of epilepsy, 1990–2016: A systematic
analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet
None. Neurol. 2019;18(4):357-375.
Funding doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30454-X
None. 6. Camfield P, Camfield C. Incidence, prevalence and aetiology
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The authors declare that they have no competing interests. doi: 10.1684/epd.2015.0736
7. Alkoblan FI, Alsoadan MM, Alhajri AA, et al. Social
Author contributions anxiety, social support, and quality of life in patients with
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Investigation: Clementina F. Iniodu doi: 10.7759/cureus.45447
Methodology: Clementina F. Iniodu, Moses B. Ekong 8. Temple J, Fisher P, Davies C, Millar C, Gemma Cherry M.
Supervision: Gabriel J. Ekandem, Moses B. Ekong Psychosocial factors associated with anxiety and depression
Writing – original draft: Clementina F. Iniodu, Moses B. in adolescents with epilepsy: A systematic review. Epilepsy
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Volume 4 Issue 1 (2025) 90 doi: 10.36922/an.6862