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Advanced Neurology Subcortical fibers in band heterotopia

apparent synaptic connections of glutamatergic and Author contributions
GABAergic neurons were noted in an ACTG1 variant with
SBH and agenesis of the corpus callosum. 22 Conceptualization: All authors
Formal analysis: Peter Stoeter, Diogenes Santos-Perez
FA maps, which usually are regarded as indicators of Investigation: Peter Stoeter, Diogenes Santos-Viloria, José
fiber quality, revealed slightly increased values within Bido
23
the heterotopias and appeared to be structured in some Methodology: Peter Stoeter, Diogenes Santos-Viloria, José
areas in patient 2. Otherwise, the paucity of tracts that Bido
could be generated directly from the heterotopias may Writing–original draft: All authors
indicate that this structure was disorganized and did not Writing–review & editing: Peter Stoeter
represent real white matter extensions. The FA values of
these heterotopias were similar to those of the SCWM of Ethic approval and consent to participate
patients and controls but well below that of CentWM. Kini This retrospective study was approved by the local ethic
et al. reported a similar finding, whereas FA values were committee of CEDIMAT (code of approval: CEI 137).
24
reduced in the case reported by Lu et al. 12 Consent was obtained from the patients prior to their
In the future, knowledge of whether tracts passing or not participation.
passing through the band heterotopy might help in planning
the extent of neurosurgical resections in drug-resistant Consent for publication
cases. In animal experiments, a normotopic cortex was the Patients gave informed written consent that their data,
25
major contributor to epilepsy, and interictal-like discharges which were measured in a clinical context, may be
secondarily propagate to the band heterotopia. Thus, the published.
8
generalization of seizures is facilitated by a non-reduction
in SCWM fibers and tracts passing through the band, and Availability of data
these patients might benefit more from extensive resections Data can be requested from the corresponding author.
of the epileptogenic zone than others.

4. Conclusion References
1. Barkovich AJ, Jackson DE, Boyer RS. Band heterotopias:
SBH malformations differ by their localization, extension, A newly recognized neural migration anomaly. Radiology.
and structure. Some heterotopias exhibit a more 1989;171(2):455-458.
structured appearance and might allow the propagation of
tractography, thereby creating an impression that tracts are doi: 10.1148/radiology.171.2.2468173
passing through, whereas others do not, as observed in our 2. Dobyns WB. The clinical patterns and molecular genetics of
cases. This might influence pre-surgical planning in patients lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia. Epilepsia.
with severe and drug-resistant seizures. Furthermore, it 2010;51(S1):5-9.
does not necessarily indicate a loss of functionality in cases doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02433.x
where heterotopia is limited to some regions, as observed 3. Parrini E, Conti V, Dobyns WB, Guerrini R. Genetic basis of
in patient 2, because changes in functional connectivity brain malformations. Mol Syndromol. 2016;7(4):220-233.
might compensate for this deficit, as described previously
in the sensorimotor network. 26 doi: 10.1159/000448639
4. LoTurco JJ, Booker AB. Neuronal migration disorders.
Acknowledgements In: Rubenstein J, Rakic P, editors. Cellular Migration
This report is dedicated to Dr. Diogenes Santos Viloria, and Formation of Neuronal Connections: Comprehensive
who died during the evaluation of data. We will always Developmental Neuroscience. Vol. 2. Amsterdam: Elsevier;
2013. p. 481-494.
remember him as a great contributor to the community of
epileptologist, as a true friend and over all, a Dominican doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-397266-8.00038-7
“grandseigneur.” 5. Chiba E, Kimura Y, Shimizu-Motohashi Y, et al. Clinical
and neuroimaging findings in patients with lissencephaly/
Funding subcortical band heterotopia spectrum: A magnetic
None. resonance conventional and diffusion tensor study.
Neuroradiology. 2022;64(4):825-836.
Conflict of interest doi: 10.1007/s00234-021-02836-2
The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 6. Tyvert L, Hawco C, Kobayashi E, LeVan P, Dubeau F, Gotman J.

Volume 4 Issue 3 (2025) 115 doi: 10.36922/an.4823