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Advanced Neurology Depression and its risk factors in India

Table 2. Candidate depression‑related genes within Indian demographics
No. Gene SNPs Tool (s) Case group/ Location Type of Relationship Results Author and
control study year
group
1 SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR HDRS-17 102/None Puducherry DR ✓ SLC6A4 was associated Manoharan
with a favorable treatment et al., 2016 5
response to fluoxetine
in MDD patients in
Southern India.
2 APOE ApoE4 HDRS 31/31 Karnataka RA ✓ Elderly Indians with an Sureshkumar
ApoE4 allele had a×4.7 et al., 2012 6
higher risk of developing
depression.
3 SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR, HDRS 125/None Tamil Nadu DR ✓ The 5HTTLPR Ramesh
STin2 VNTR polymorphism and et al., 2022 7
the SLC6A4 intron 2
polymorphisms were
associated with the
treatment response, with
the l/l genotype and
12-copy allele showing
a tendency toward
better SSRI treatment,
respectively.
4 SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR- DSM-IV-TR; 57/None Kashmir DR ✓ The serotonin Margoob
HDRS transporter gene et al., 2008 8
polymorphism
may influence the
effectiveness of SSRI
treatment in depressive
disorders, irrespective of
clinical variables.
5 BDNF Val66Met, HDRS 104/106 West Bengal RA ✓ CYP2D6 deletion Haldar et al.,
CYP2D6 P4502D6 X significantly contributes 2022 9
to the severity and stress
factor in MDD patients
in contrast to the BDNF
gene.
6 TPH 2 C11993A DSM-IV-TR 60/40 Kashmir RA X The PH 2C 11993 A Mushtaq
gene was not found et al., 2014 10
to be associated with
MDD and anxiety
disorder in the Kashmiri
population.
7 MTHFR C677T DSM-IV-TR 15/15 Uttar Pradesh RA X A non-significant Upasana
difference between the et al., 2014 11
cases and control may
be because of the small
sample size.
8 HTR1A, rs6295 DSM-IV-TR; 55 New Delhi DR X No significant Basu et al.,
HTR2A rs6311 and MADRS X association was found 2015 12
rs6313 between the SNPs
analyzed and responses
SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR X to escitalopram,
although a significant
association was
observed between the
side effects of memory
loss with rs6311.
(Cont’d...)
Volume 4 Issue 3 (2025) 35 doi: 10.36922/an.5940