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Design+ Industrial design leads to understanding of users

2. Methodology

The systematic literature review method on published
articles was used in this research. The systematic literature
review was conducted on articles and books discussing
the ID history, Industrial Designers articles, user-centered
design (UCD), human-centered design (HCD), and other
design methods. The method chosen includes searching
different databases to find published articles and books
related to the aforementioned topics, which are discussed
Figure 3. The Ford Model T by Ford, 1908 7 in this paper. The output of this review method includes
research findings, which are based on both the academic and
gray literature. The method applied includes searching the
literature to find articles and books related to relevant topics
to produce this paper and selecting relevant publications
based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After article
selection, data were extracted for analysis and grouping of
research findings.

2.1. Data collection
A systematic literature review was conducted on the
following scientific databases: SpringerLink, Google
Scholar, IEEE, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria
defined for article selection include journal and conference
articles, books, chapter books, and magazine articles,
which were published from 1950 to 2024.
Figure 4. The pioneer of a new space understanding: interiors of the The most popular keywords used to select the relevant
Crystal Palace building publications were (“Industrial Design,” “Industrial
Source: Historic England Archive. Reprinted with permission of Historic Designers,” “History of Industrial Design,” “Made in
8
England archive. Italy” and “Industrial Revolution”), (“User-centered
design” OR “user-centered design” OR “UCD,” “Design
technologies, integrate natural lighting, and prioritize Thinking,” and “Design Thinking Designers”), and even
green spaces. (“Design Methods,” “Emerging Technologies,” and “Future
It emerges that IR has deeply impacted our lives of Design”). A dataset was created in Endnote software
by affecting design and all its fields, with some even which included 117 relevant articles selected using these
emerging from it. Through recapitulation, design may keywords from the aforementioned databases. While
be often referred to as a discipline of study and practice performing the initial screening, seven articles were
targeted at the interaction between people (users) and excluded as they were found to be duplicates. Exclusion
the man-made environment. Thus, designers should take criteria were developed for further analysis; particularly,
into consideration factors such as contextual, functional, the following were applied:
esthetic, cultural, and societal factors; consequently, • Articles not focused on ID, design thinking, and the IR
design is a modern construct with a substantial historical • Articles where the UCD approach was not clearly defined
background. Nowadays, designers not only create products • Articles extensively focused on web design,
but also optimize users’ experiences, with the aid of the communication design, and interfaces
virtual environments that can be designed, as well as craft • Articles that do not relate directly to keywords and the
digital interfaces and service systems creation. Besides, new scope of this paper.
branches of design are evolving continuously due to the fact On applying the exclusion criteria, 17 publications
that present-day life is synonymous with quickening social were removed while skimming the title and abstract of the
and technological changes. Thus, this paper would like to selected articles, and a further 25 publications were removed
provide an overview of design meaning and value, evolving after reading the full texts. For full analysis and review, a
since the era of IR until nowadays, with a particular focus total of 68 publications were selected. Subsequently, the
on Italian design. selected 68 publications were added to NVivo software

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2024) 4 doi: 10.36922/dp.3929