Page 94 - EJMO-9-1

Eurasian Journal of Medicine and
Oncology
T2D polymorphisms in Asians

SNPs (Figure 1). These include genes involved in insulin Author contributions
synthesis (CENTD2 and PC2), enhanced insulin secretion
(HMG20A and IGF2BP2), inhibition of insulin secretion Conceptualization: Farizky Martriano Humardani, Sulistyo
(BCL11A), insulin packaging and storage (SLC30A8), and Emantoko Dwi Putra, Ratih Asmana Ningrum, I.
the regulation of pancreatic β-cell potential and activity Wayan Arsana Wiyasa, Risma Ikawaty
(KCNJ11, KCNQ1, and TCF7L2). Writing – original draft: Farizky Martriano Humardani,
Lisa Thalia Mulyanata
However, no studies have reported how the KCNJ11 Writing – review & editing: All authors
rs5219 T allele influences gene expression. This SNP has
also been correlated with type 1 diabetes, suggesting Ethics approval and consent to participate
82
a direct effect on insulin secretion. In addition, the Not applicable.
SLC30A8 rs13266634 C allele shows a poor response to
non-sulfonylurea secretagogues. Similarly, for SNPs in Consent for publication
83
KCNJ11, there are no available studies on their impact on
gene expression or protein function. Not applicable.
5. Limitations Availability of data
This review includes SNPs data from human studies within Not applicable.
Asian populations. However, the mechanisms by which References
these SNPs influence the risk of T2D are primarily derived
from preclinical studies, as they remain insufficiently 1. Wu H, Patterson CC, Zhang X, et al. Worldwide estimates of
explored in human subjects. This highlights the critical incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents in
need for more comprehensive human-based research to 2021. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022;185:109785.
better understand these associations. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109785
6. Conclusion 2. Klimczak S, Śliwińska A. Epigenetic regulation of
inflammation in insulin resistance. Semin Cell Dev Biol.
This review identifies SNPs that may influence 2022;154(Pt C):185-192.
susceptibility to T2D and modulate responses to diabetes doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.09.004
medications in Asian populations. However, these findings
remain preliminary and require further validation through 3. Hahn O, Grönke S, Stubbs TM, et al. Dietary restriction
comprehensive studies. Clinicians should exercise careful protects from age-associated DNA methylation and induces
judgment in addressing the intricate pathophysiology epigenetic reprogramming of lipid metabolism. Genome
of T2D and selecting medications that offer the greatest Biol. 2017;18(1):1-18.
therapeutic benefit. Future research should cautiously doi: 10.1186/s13059-017-1187-1
examine the associations between these SNPs and their 4. Javorsky M, Klimcakova L, Schroner Z, et al. KCNJ11 gene
corresponding phenotypes, particularly in the context of E23K variant and therapeutic response to sulfonylureas. Eur
therapeutic responses. In addition, early identification of J Intern Med. 2012;23(3):245-249.
T2D risk may enable its prevention through epigenetic
approaches, such as lifestyle modifications, including doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.10.018
a healthy diet, regular exercise, and practices like yoga, 5. Kong X, Zhang X, Xing X, Zhang B, Hong J, Yang W. The
which may positively influence epigenetic markers and association of type 2 diabetes loci identified in genome-
help mitigate the onset of T2D. wide association studies with metabolic syndrome and its
components in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes.
Acknowledgments PLoS One. 2015;10(11):e0143607.
None. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143607
6. Elashi AA, Toor SM, Umlai UKI, et al. Genome-wide
Funding association study and trans-ethnic meta-analysis identify
None. novel susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC
Med Genomics. 2024;17(1):131.
Conflict of interest doi: 10.1186/s12920-024-01903-w

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial 7. Cangelosi G, Acito M, Grappasonni I, et al. Yoga or
interests to disclose. mindfulness on diabetes: Scoping review for theoretical

Volume 9 Issue 1 (2025) 86 doi: 10.36922/ejmo.7549