Page 58 - ESAM-1-2

Engineering Science in
Additive Manufacturing Multi-material additive manufacturing of metals

More recently, Gu et al. applied a modified DEM the vertical deposition of the bimetallic structure exhibited
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approach to simulate multiple adjacent laser tracks of a discontinuous melt pool formation. This discontinuity is
SS316L/Cu10Sn (Figure 15B and C). As noted previously, attributed to the difference in laser absorptivity between
the process introduced a variety of powder deposition SS316L (0.35) and Cu10Sn (0.03), as well as the higher
patterns and compared simulation outcomes with thermal conductivity of Cu10Sn compared to SS316L,
experimental data. In the study, the material was deposited which leads to highly efficient heat dissipation from the
horizontally and vertically to investigate melt pool beam center to the surrounding powder. In contrast,
morphology and temperature distribution (Figure 15C). during horizontal layer deposition, SS316L powder melted
When observing the melt pool track in both configurations, first, and the heat conducted from the molten SS316L

A D

B

C

Figure 15. Single-track melting and solidification in selected bimetallic structures. (A) IN718/CuSn10 single-track melting profile; (B and C) SS316L/
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CuSn10 solidification simulation illustrating thermal and powder solidification dynamics; and (D) single-track solidification of IN625/SS316L
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(top: Type-A) and SS316L/IN625 (bottom: Type-B) configurations. The visualizations demonstrate the influence of materials order and interfacial
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configuration on melt pool evolution and solidification morphology.
Volume 1 Issue 2 (2025) 26 doi: 10.36922/ESAM025180010