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Global Health Econ Sustain Non-communicable diseases household survey

2.3. Statistical analysis one NCD condition. The overall prevalence of these five

A total of 1,149 records, which included data from 241,310 NCDs was determined to be 4.4%. A shown in Table 1, we
surveyed households, were entered into Microsoft Excel. present the distribution of NCDs among the individuals in
The database underwent a process of data cleaning and the surveyed households based on the number of NCDs
categorization. Subsequently, the survey data were analyzed they are managing. In addition, Table 2 provides disease-
using Epi info 7.2 version, a software specifically designed specific PRs, with HTN being the most prevalent at 2.3%,
for epidemiological analysis. The analysis involved while epilepsy exhibited the lowest prevalence, standing
the presentation of data through simple descriptive at 0.19%. As shown in Figure 1, it is evident that 53% of
methods that encompassed temporal, demographic, and the NCD patients were female, and Table 3 underscores a
geographical factors, as illustrated in Tables 1-13. For significantly higher prevalence of NCDs among females
the calculation of PR, the population figure for Sana’a compared to males. Figure 2 illustrates a distinct upward
City in the 2017 Census (2,948,472) was obtained from trend in NCD prevalence with advancing age, escalating
immunization program data (NIP). Given the constraint from 1.9% in the 20 – 29 years of age group to 56.0% in the
of not having access to the total members of the surveyed ≥70 years of age group.
households, the calculation was based on a multiplication 3.2. HTN
of the number of surveyed households by the average
household size of 6.6, as projected from the 2004 Census. Among the 70,178 NCD patients diagnosed with NCDs,
36,200 (42.8%) were found to have HTN, resulting
3. Results in a PR of 2.3%. The median age within this subset of
patients was 55 years, with an age range spanning from
3.1. Demographic distribution of NCDs in the 0.7 to 150 years. In Figure 3, the gender distribution is
surveyed households illustrated, with females accounting for 62% and males
A total of 241,310 households were surveyed, encompassing for 38% of the cases. A significantly higher prevalence of
an estimated 1,592,646 household members. Within this HTN was observed among females compared to males,
cohort, 59,061 (24.5%) households were found to include at 3.1% and 1.6%, respectively, with an odds ratio (OR)
70,178 patients affected by one or more of the following of 1.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.90 – 1.98) and a
five NCDs: HTN, DM, BA, MD, and epilepsy. The male-to- p < 0.001 (Table 4). Figure 4 reveals a distinct pattern in
female ratio among the surveyed population was 1.2. The the prevalence of HTN, which increases with advancing
ages of NCD patients ranged from 0.1 – 150 years, with age. It starts at 0.51% within the 20 – 29 years age group
a median age of 50. Moreover, 12,724 individuals (18% and rises to 37.00% in the ≥70 years age group. Table 5
of the 70,178 NCD patients) were managing more than provides insights into the comorbidities of the 36,200

Table 1. Distribution of NCDs in the surveyed households by the number of NCDs, Sana’a City, Yemen, 2017
Patient characteristics At least one NCD (N=70178) Number of NCD
1 (n=56579) 2 (n=13058) 3 (n=504) 4 (n=32) ≥5 (n=5) p‑value
Age (mean±SD) 48.9±17.1 47.3±17.5 55.8±13.6 54.7±14.0 54.9±11.7 48.0±20.8 <0.001
Age group (n [%])
0 – 9 years 1461 (2.14) 1461 (2.14) 44 (0.34) 1 (0.2) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) <0.001
10 – 19 years 2444 (3.58) 2358 (4.29) 82 (0.64) 3 (0.61) 0 (0.0) 1 (25.0)
20 – 29 years 4389 (6.43) 4141 (7.53) 234 (1.83) 14 (2.85) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0)
30 – 39 years 8806 (12.89) 7972 (14.5) 794 (6.21) 37 (7.52) 3 (0.1) 0 (0.0)
40 – 49 years 13113 (19.2) 11000 (20) 2027 (15.85) 80 (16.26) 6 (0.2) 0 (0.0)
50 – 59 years 16312 (23.88) 12322 (22.41) 3826 (29.93) 156 (31.71) 7 (0.2) 1 (25.0)
60 – 69 years 12505 (18.31) 9034 (16.43) 3347 (26.18) 108 (21.95) 14 (0.4) 2 (50.0)
≥70 years 9270 (13.57) 6744 (12.26) 2431 (19.01) 93 (18.9) 2 (0.1) 0 (0.0)
Sex (n [%])
Men 32777 (46.77) 26832 (47.49) 5736 (43.96) 191 (37.9) 14 (43.75) 4 (80.0) <0.001
Women 37310 (53.23) 29665 (52.51) 7313 (56.04) 313 (62.1) 18 (43.75) 1 (20.0)
Abbreviation: NCDs: Non-communicable diseases.

Volume 1 Issue 2 (2023) 3 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.1191