Page 81 - GHES-2-2

Global Health Econ Sustain Prevalence and risk factors of childhood diarrhea

Table 3. Binary logistic regression analysis showing Table 3. (Continued)
maternal, child, household, and environmental factors
associated with the odds of the prevalence of childhood Predictor variables AOR 95% CI
diarrhea in rural India (NFHS‑5; 2019 – 21) Wealth quintile
Richest Ref.
Predictor variables AOR 95% CI
Poorest 1.59* (1.45 – 1.74)
Mother’s related covariates
Poorer 1.47* (1.34 – 1.61)
Mother’s age group (years)
Middle 1.36* (1.23 – 1.49)
35 – 49 Ref.
Richer 1.26* (1.14 – 1.39)
15 – 24 1.44* (1.34 – 1.55)
Environmental covariates
25 – 34 1.06* (1.01 – 1.14)
Type of toilet facility
Mother’s level of education
Improved Ref.
Secondary and above Ref.
Unimproved 1.22* (1.17 – 1.27)
Primary 1.11* (1.05 – 1.17)
Floor material
No education 1.16* (1.06 – 1.30)
Concrete Ref.
Child-related covariates
Not concrete 1.11* (1.07 – 1.16)
Age group of children (years) Wall material
4 – 5 Ref. Concrete Ref.
0 – 1 2.35* (2.22 – 2.49) Not concrete 1.04* (1.01 – 1.08)
2 – 3 1.35* (1.27 – 1.43) Roof material
Birth order number Concrete Ref.
1 Ref. Not concrete 1.05* (1.01 – 1.09)
2 – 4 1.05 (0.98 – 1.07) Altitude from sea level (m)
5 or more 1.07* (0.99 – 1.09) >1000 Ref.
Size of the child <100 1.47* (1.36 – 1.59)
Larger than average Ref. 100 – 499 1.08* (1.07 – 1.17)
Average 0.84* (0.77 – 0.91) 500 – 1000 1.12* (1.03 – 1.23)
Smaller than average 0.77* (0.72 – 0.83) Regional division
Household covariates North Ref.
Household member Central 0.99 (0.93 – 1.06)
<5 Ref. East 1.89* (1.78 – 2.01)
5 – 6 0.94* (0.89 – 0.98) North-east 1.13* (1.05 – 1.21)
>6 0.92* (0.87 – 0.96) West 1.87* (1.73 – 2.02)
The household has South 1.09* (1.07 – 1.18)
electricity services Note: *Denotes an odds ratio significant at level P<0.01.
Yes Ref. Abbreviations: AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval;
Ref.: Reference category.
No 1.15* (1.05 – 1.25)
Caste/Tribe higher in several parts of India, especially in rural areas.
Others Ref. The major findings of this study highlighted the fact that
Scheduled caste 1.12* (1.02 – 1.23) the prevalence of childhood diarrhea was significantly
Scheduled tribe 1.09* (0.98 – 1.20) higher among children inhabiting rural areas as compared
Religion to urban areas. This disparity may be attributed to factors
Hindu Ref. such as inadequate nutrition, scarcity of clean drinking
water, reliance on unimproved sanitation facilities, and
Muslim 1.05 (0.96 – 1.08) restricted access to healthcare facilities for rural children.
Others 0.88 (0.83 – 0.93) Some previous studies from African countries (Diouf et al.,
(Cont’d...) 2014; Melese et al., 2019; Bah et al., 2022; Fagbamigbe

Volume 2 Issue 2 (2024) 9 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2048