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Global Health Economics and
Sustainability
Promoting peace through microbiology and sports

Figure 5. Players use religious signs to reveal their religions in celebrating goals. Source: OperaNews (2021)

A B and “interdependent.” Hence, in football, the celebration
of a goal/victory by players (Figure 6A) or shaking
hands after being shown a card (Figure 6B); practically
demonstrates the interconnectivity of peace, health, and
entrepreneurship. They explained how promoting one
can benefit the other and how conflicts can positively/
negatively affect this relationship.
Figure 6. (A and B) Picturesque demonstration of sports promotion of
peace and health football. Sources: (Brophy, 2022; Gokhale, 2022) The FIFA World Cup, played in the last quarter of 2022,
might have been postponed due to the severe spread of the
websites. Among the remaining sources, 28 were from COVID-19 pandemic (Fifa.com, 2022). Entrepreneurs who
books, including 23 quotations from the Holy Bible, three normally strategize to do their businesses (entrepreneurship)
from academic books, and two from the Holy Quran. The during the World Cup would also have been impacted.
review also included 10 blog posters, four videos, three The dominant winners presented in Table 3, along with
encyclopedias, two press releases, and one reference from the most talented/best players, achieved their success by
the WHO website obtained through search engines. Three competing in peaceful and healthy environments.
specific objectives guided this review, and the results Even in a peaceful environment, if players are unwell,
provided answers to these objectives, as outlined below. they cannot perform at their best; likewise, being healthy
without peace does not guarantee success. Football is one
3.2. Description of results of the highest-paid sports on earth (Table 1), and “sports
Peace building and maintaining quality health for physicians” are among the highest-paid professionals. This
successful entrepreneurship is akin to constructing reveals the fact that football is not just a game but also a
a home’s foundation, where elements such as water, business where individuals earn a living.
cement, quarry dust, and iron rods are essential (Kissam, To prevent honor crimes, one must know what causes
2022; Cowii, 2019; Drummond, 2019; Figure 6). The them. Multifaceted causes of hate crimes, like honor
relationships between peace and quality health have been killings or honor crimes, have been revealed by the
explored by many researchers (Weeks et al., 2024; Pulle, research findings. Using them, assassinations for honor
2022; Abuelaish et al., 2020; Arya, 2019) and emphasized are like infections, COVID-19, that infect all. This is why
by the WHO’s Director-General (WHO, 2023). Dr. Tedros “One Health” ideas are needed to deal with them. An
stated, “There cannot be health without peace, and there example of how knowing the causes can help address that
cannot be peace without health” (WHO, 2023). Sport- the problem is the issue of honor murders (Gill, 2022).
related infections can hinder an athlete’s performance Falsely tagging honor murders as only feminine issues
(DeNizio & Hewitt, 2019). would shift policymakers’ attention toward addressing
Abuelaish et al. (2020) illustrated the connection them as such, ignoring other major causes.
between peace and health using the “One Heath” approach, From the literature, the inter-connected octagonal
describing their linkage with terms such as “interrelated” causes of 21 century hate crimes include religious,
st

Volume 2 Issue 4 (2024) 7 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2902