Page 108 - GPD-1-2

Gene & Protein in Disease

REVIEW ARTICLE
Exosomes: A bridge of periodontitis and

systemic diseases

Jing Xu 1,2† , Xin Chang 1,2† , Huixin Zhang , Mengying Si , Huiying Su ,
1,2
1,2
1,2
Lilan Cao , Yingying Li , and Yuankun Zhai 1,2,4 *
1,2
3
1 Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000,
China
2 Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, China
3 Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province),
Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
4 Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000,
China

Abstract

Periodontitis, a common oral disease, is featured with complex etiology, progressive
and prognosis varies according to the severity of periodontitis. Exosomes belong
a kind of cystic vesicles with biological activity, which widely exist in human body
fluids. Exosomes play an irreparable role in signal transmission and material
exchange between cells, maintaining cell functions, and regulating body immunity
and homeostasis. Exosomes are closely related to periodontitis, and recent study of
exosomes has provided new directions and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of
periodontitis. Similarly, as extracellular vesicles, exosomes play a bridging role between
periodontitis and some systemic diseases. In this process, exosomes participate in and
† These authors contribute equally to
this work. regulate the process of systemic diseases by carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, etc.,
and exhibit different bioactive effects according to the different substances carried
*Corresponding author: in exosomes. In this paper, we summarize the latest research progress of exosomes,
Yuankun Zhai
(zhaiyuankun@henu.edu.cn) especially in the periodontitis and some systemic diseases, and review the potential
value of exosomes in periodontitis diagnosis and treatments.
Citation: Xu J, Chang X, Zhang H,
et al., 2022, Exosomes: A bridge of
periodontitis and systemic diseases.
Gene Protein Dis, 1(2):99. Keywords: Periodontitis; Exosomes; Periodontal regeneration; Osteoporosis; Kidney
https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.v1i2.99 disease
Received: May 17, 2022
Accepted: July 12, 2022
Published Online: August 4, 2022
Copyright: © 2022 Author(s). 1. Introduction
This is an Open Access article Periodontitis is an infectious disease that occurs in the supporting tissues of teeth
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution and can result in pathological loss of periodontal ligament and absorption of alveolar
License, permitting distribution, bone [1,2] . The occurrence and development of periodontitis are quite complex, and the
and reproduction in any medium, pathogenic mechanisms vary from patient to patient. The pathogenesis of periodontitis
provided the original work is
properly cited. is now mainly recognized as deregulated inflammatory interactions between periodontal
pathogens and host immune system, involving both innate and adaptive responses,
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with which lead to a chronic inflammation in periodontal tissues [3,4] .
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional In recent years, the connections between periodontal diseases and systemic
affiliations. conditions have been explored, revealing that periodontal diseases can influence the

Volume 1 Issue 2 (2022) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.v1i2.99