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Gene & Protein in Disease Gene fusions and chimeric RNAs

Figure 1. Number of gene fusions in various cancer types as deposited in the TCGA fusion gene database

elevated blood sugar stimulates TMPRSS2–ERG fusion linked to androgen levels, and further research shows that
in prostate cancer cells by increasing the expression of androgen signaling activation triggers TMPRSS2 and ERG
insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2). expression. Gamma-ray exposure in cells also induces
Elevated blood sugar also triggers IGFBP2 production, DNA double-strand breaks, promoting TMPRSS2–ERG
increasing gene fusion events and lowering protein kinase fusion. In conclusion, physical, chemical, and biological
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C levels, indicating an effect on double-strand break repair stimuli can lead to genomic mutations and gene fusions.
rates. Several studies have demonstrated that apoptotic A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which
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signals, such as serum starvation, salicylic acid, and these factors influence the creation of fusion transcripts
etoposide, can disrupt the TEL (ETV6) gene, resulting will assist us in elucidating the role of fusion genes in
in fusion in developing B lymphocytes. TEL–AML1 tumorigenesis and will facilitate the discovery of novel
fusion is a common genetic alteration in pediatric acute approaches for the prevention and treatment of various
lymphoblastic leukemia. Prostate cancer has long been types of cancers.
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Volume 4 Issue 1 (2025) 3 doi: 10.36922/gpd.3641