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Global Translational Medicine The research advances in HPV integration

6. Conclusion Availability of data

Due to the low vaccination rates in developing countries Not applicable.
and the considerable number of individuals still
susceptible to HR-HPV infections, there is a pressing need References
for studies investigating the pathogenic mechanisms of 1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al., 2021, Global Cancer
HPV infection. Exploring clinical treatments targeting Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and
the oncogenic mechanisms of HPV should thus be a mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA
high priority in research. The integration of the HPV Cancer J Clin, 71: 209–249.
genome into the host DNA is a key step in the induction https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
of carcinogenesis by HPV. In this review, we briefly 2. de Martel C, Georges D, Bray F, et al., 2020, Global burden
explore the potential mechanisms of HPV integration of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: A worldwide
and its effects on the host genome. The emergence of incidence analysis. Lancet Glob Health, 8: e180–e190.
novel sequencing methods has provided robust technical
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development of third-generation sequencing, the complex 3. Doorbar J, Quint W, Banks L, et al., 2012, The biology and
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the framework of personalized medicine. Identifying new https://doi.org/10.1002/path.4496.
tumorigenic genes through integration analyses, along with
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promise as effective biomarkers for diagnostic purposes, papillomavirus molecular biology and disease association.
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Acknowledgments
6. Johnson DE, Burtness B, Leemans CR, et al., 2020, Head and
None. neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 6: 92.

Funding https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-00224-3
7. Doorbar J, 2013, The E4 protein; structure, function and
The study was performed with the support of a grant from patterns of expression. Virology, 445: 80–98.
the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai
Municipality (Grant numbers: 2019SHZDZX02). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2013.07.008
8. Warburton A, Della Fera AN, McBride AA, 2021, Dangerous
Conflict of interest liaisons: Long-term replication with an extrachromosomal
HPV genome. Viruses, 13: 1846.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v13091846
Author contributions 9. Xue J, Wang Y, Chen C, et al., 2018, Effects of Th17 cells
Conceptualization: Jiaxu Ying, Nicolas Berthet and IL-17 in the progression of cervical carcinogenesis with
Writing – original draft: Jiaxu Ying high-risk human papillomavirus infection. Cancer Med,
Writing – review and editing: Jiaxu Ying, Gary Wong, 7: 297–306.
Nicolas Berthet https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1279
All authors have read and approved the manuscript. 10. Murdaca G, Colombo BM, Puppo F, 2011, The role of Th17
lymphocytes in the autoimmune and chronic inflammatory
Ethics approval and consent to participate diseases. Intern Emerg Med, 6: 487–495.
Not applicable. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-011-0517-7

Consent for publication 11. McBride AA, Warburton A, 2017, The role of integration
in oncogenic progression of HPV-associated cancers. PLoS
Not applicable. Pathog, 13: e1006211.

Volume 2 Issue 4 (2023) 16 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.2034