Page 60 - IJAMD-2-3

International Journal of AI for
Materials and Design Intelligent interactive textile in healthcare

33 pose landmarks (including head and shoulder) in of incorporating familiar elements like “Lion Rock
real time without requiring additional custom training. plus Lion Pavilion. plus flowers and green grass.” The
The system operated on a Python-based software strategic use of “eye-catching red, yellow, colorful”
pipeline (version 3.12) deployed on a single-board elements created visually comfortable environments
computer (Raspberry Pi 4), achieving a processing rate that facilitated connections with past experiences and
of approximately 5 – 7 frames per second. This frame rate community identity.
satisfied the application requirement. (ii) Enhancing interaction through visual recognition:
Regarding algorithmic transparency, gesture Visual recognition processes emerged as a crucial
classification was performed through a custom rule-based factor in ensuring effective user interaction with the
algorithm that interprets the relative x- and y-coordinates installation. Participant feedback revealed that “simple
of the detected landmarks. Specific gestures were things, let them associate them, and they can recognize
classified based on thresholds of angular relationships, them faster by looking at pictures than by reading
spatial distances between relevant anatomical points words.” This insight demonstrated the importance of
(e.g., distance from index fingertip to thumb), and limb developing intuitive visual elements that users could
orientation. A finite state machine governed the gesture- readily identify, emphasizing how graphic recognition
to-command mapping, enhancing robustness by tolerating served as a primary pathway for engagement.
minor variations in gesture and posture. (iii) The role of material tactility in user comfort
and interaction: Material tactility emerged as a
Concerning AI model transparency and performance fundamental consideration that shaped the physical
evaluation, the system utilized MediaPipe’s pre-trained design and user comfort levels. Workshop participants
models without additional architectural modification explicitly articulated that “hard objects will make
or retraining. Detailed information regarding network you nervous,” while “touch and hearing, flow and
architecture, training datasets, accuracy metrics, and sound” elicited “strong responses.” Their emphasis
optimization techniques is publicly available through on the need for “relaxing” elements and “soft music”
official MediaPipe documentation. Since the study focuses underscored how material choices directly influenced
65
on real-time system integration and user interaction rather user willingness to engage with the installation.
than novel model development, quantitative benchmarking (iv) Gamification as a strategy for sustained engagement:
(e.g., accuracy and latency) was not the primary evaluation Interactive engagement through gamification emerged
method. Instead, performance was assessed qualitatively as an essential strategy for sustained user participation.
through stakeholder feedback collected during co-design Participants observed that when users “press it, find
workshops and prototype trials conducted in actual it fun,” indicating that “game elements attract the
healthcare-related contexts. This approach facilitated elderly” and should be “interesting, not preachy.” This
iterative refinement of the system based on practical emphasis on playful interaction revealed how carefully
usability and user-centered design principles. designed interactive elements could overcome initial
hesitation and encourage active participation among
4. Results and discussion elderly users.
4.1. User preferences in textile materials, design The graphic illustration was created using Clip
graphics, and gestures Studio Paint EX (version 2.0) and Adobe Photoshop CS6

Analysis of the co-design session A revealed critical (version 13), with Drafts 1 and 2 presented in Figure S1. Both
insights into how interactive textile installations can drafts featured signature landmarks from the Diamond
effectively engage elderly users through visual, tactile, and Hill and Lion Rock areas, including the Wong Tai Sin
interactive elements. The associated interview transcript is Temple, a lantern representing Lok Fu Plaza, and bamboo
presented in Table S1. Through systematic examination of symbolizing nature. Draft 1 included imagery of the Wong
participant responses, four distinct themes emerged that Tai Sin Temple and a dragon, symbolizing Kowloon.
significantly influenced the final design implementation: However, because SKH is a Christian organization, the
(i) Incorporating local landmarks for memory stimulation depiction of the Wong Tai Sin Temple was replaced in
and therapeutic engagement: The integration of local Draft 2 with representations of public housing estates,
landmarks in graphic elements emerged as a powerful sports elements, and parks. The final design, shown in
catalyst for memory stimulation and therapeutic Figure 2B, emphasizes local neighborhood landmarks,
engagement. Workshop participants emphasized including the Wong Tai Sin Cooked Food Stall and Kai Tak
that “remembering the past” was “helpful to the River. In addition, four color palettes composed of three
condition,” specifically highlighting the significance yarn colors each were proposed for the fabric knitting

Volume 2 Issue 3 (2025) 54 doi: 10.36922/IJAMD025170013