Page 131 - IJB-10-2

International Journal of Bioprinting 3D bioprinting for corneal regeneration

Table 2. (Continued)
Endothelium In vitro and in Decellularized human HCECs seeded on decellularized membrane; 91,124
vivo experiments Descemet’s membrane cell morphology and structure were similar to normal cornea;
on rabbit model different grafting methods examined in ex vivo;
transparency and edema healed better in cell-loaded membranes
in vivo;
the preserved sclerocorneal button is not suitable for grafting;
younger cell donors are better for cell loading
Endothelium In vitro study Gelatin hydrogel The gelatin hydrogel sheet had almost 100% transparency; 91,125
tensile strength: 2–3.5 MPa (depending on cross-linking time);
good diffusion properties for cell carrier application;
morphology of HCECs on gelatin sheet similar to in vivo
Endothelium In vitro study Dense collagen Easy handle acellular RAFTs; 91,126
hydrogel HCECs formed a monolayer on RAFT;
high viability over 14 days;
immunostaining showed that cells keep their functional phenotype
Abbreviations: APC: acellular porcine cornea; dAC: decellularized amniotic membrane; ECM: extracellular matrix, HCLEs: human corneal-limbal
epithelial cells; HCECs: human corneal endothelial cells; HDF: human dermal fibroblast; NPC: nature porcine cornea; RAFT: Real Architecture For 3D
Tissues; RGD: arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; SEM: scanning electron microscopy; TCP: tissue culture plastic.

Table 3. Established 3D-bioprinted constructs until 2023

Corneal layer Bioink Printing Cell type Result In vivo Reference
technique results
Epithelial Methacrylated gelatin Extrusion Human corneal Transparent gel No data 127,128
tissue bioink; methacrylated epithelial cells
gelatin in the form of a
dome
Sodium alginate, gelatin, Extrusion Human corneal Good transparency, high cell via- No 50,90
and type I collagen epithelial cells bility after bioprinting, Production
of degradation-controllable systems
using sodium citrate
Stroma Methacrylate gelatin Extrusion Human corneal High mechanical strength, good No 90,127,129
bioink stromal keratocytes transparency, low metabolic activ-
ity of cells
Alginate type I collagen Extrusion Human corneal Transparent gel, high cell viability No 6,90,127
bioink stromal keratocytes after plucking. Creation of optimal
curvature
Methacrylated gelatin Extrusion Rat limbal stromal Cell viability is good after printing, No data 127,130
bioink, reinforced with stem cells and the construction is transparent.
PEG-PCL fibers
Type I collagen and aga- Drop-on- Human corneal Transparent gel No 90,93,127
rose bioink demand stromal keratocytes
Matrigel Type I collagen Laser Human limbal Highly transparent, high cell No 57,90,127
bioink; Laminin-type IV epithelial cells + viability
collagen on a carrier base adipose-derived
stem cells
(Continued)

Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024) 123 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1669