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International Journal of Bioprinting PEDOT/PSS-based sensors

Table 1. Continued

Dihydrolevoglucose- 21 μm nozzle diameter, Enhanced performance Heterostructures and 31
none, glycerol droplet spacing of 34 μm stability was observed flexible electronics
carbonate, PEDOT:PSS under cyclic bending,
thermal annealing,
ultraviolet, or infrared
exposure
Co-solvents, a A single nozzle with Good morphological, Devices containing 32
non-ionic surfactant, diameter of 300 μm; the optical, and electrical high-efficiency printed
PEDOT:PSS ejects dropped (volume = properties organic light-emitting
15 nL) from 7 mm height diodes
SLA PEDOT:PSS, carbon 500 μm thickness, 250 Enable rapid develop- Cuff electrode shell 33
black matrix μm inset windows, ment of cost-effective design
300° circumferential functional stimulation
nerve–electrode interface devices targeting nerve
coverage bundles less than 1.0 mm
in diameter
PEDOT:PSS, photo- Lateral resolution around Performances in Organic electrochemical 34
curable poly(ethylene 80 μm biosensing for dopamine transistors
glycol) diacrylate detection
DLP Dye ((3)Rf*), the amine Highest resolution Significantly increase its Conductive scaffolds 35
(TEA), poly(2-hy- between 20 and 100 μm mechanical modulus and
droxyethyl acrylate)/ electrical properties
PEDOT:PSS
Si/PEDOT:PSS/PEG Preserve a specific Free-standing electrode 36
discharge capacity, struc-
tural integrity, and sig-
nificantly high flexibility
with an enhanced load
PEDOT:PSS-coated The thermoelectric Thermoelectric 37
silver(I) selenide figure of merit of cured composites
nanowires composite increased,
with the highest at room
temperature
Abbreviations: AgNW, silver nanowire; CNT, carbon nanotube; FDM; PEDOT, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); PEG, polyethylene glycol; PLA,
polylactic acid; PSS, poly(styrene sulfonate).

transistors, fabricated by integrating PEDOT:PSS with 3D formulations. Secondary doping and post-treatments with
printing techniques (FDM and DIW), demonstrate high formamide have been explored in an effort to enhance the
transconductance, low operating voltage, and high current film’s conductivity. The addition of d-sorbitol plasticizer
ON/OFF ratio. Moreover, the printed devices exhibit gives the PEDOT:PSS film the ability to tolerate cyclic
noteworthy sensitivity, stability, and robust behavior even tension. Substituting dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
30
after several measurement cycles. 45 with bio-renewable solvents enhances jetting reliability
Within the domain of 3D inkjet printing, the printing and long-term stability, while concurrently improves
material is precisely jetted from multiple small nozzles the electrical properties of deposited PEDOT:PSS
31
onto the build platform in a layer-by-layer fashion. The layers. Surface modification of silicon substrates with
material droplets are rapidly cured or solidified to form (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane has been employed to
34
the desired 3D object. In the realm of PEDOT:PSS-based enhance the adhesion of printed semiconductor layers.
bioelectronics, inkjet printing stands out as one of the most Moreover, careful regulation of surface tension through
cost-effective techniques, offering substantial advantages the use of co-solvents and a non-ionic surfactant has led
such as digital design precision, non-contact deposition, to the creation of films with favorable morphological,
and additive manufacturing versatility in additive optical, and electrical properties, which are similar to
manufacturing. Current research predominantly focuses those observed for the corresponding spin-coated layers.
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on the development and optimization of PEDOT:PSS ink Furthermore, a comprehensive exploration of factors

Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024) 6 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1725