Page 316 - IJB-10-2

International Journal of Bioprinting 3D-printed diabetic diet

spurred by the high prevalence of oral ulcers, to the best of and a deeper understanding of nutritional science, this
our knowledge, no 3D-printed functional food has been innovative approach has the potential to reshape the
developed prior to this study for patients suffering from future of dietary management, ultimately improving the
this condition. overall health outcomes and quality of life for individuals
with diabetes and other chronic conditions.
4. Conclusion
In conclusion, this study presents a novel approach to Acknowledgments
developing personalized foods for diabetic patients by None.
utilizing 3D printing technology, specifically targeting
individuals with complications such as CKD and oral Funding
ulcers. By formulating 3D-printable food inks using This work was supported by the National Natural Science
natural ingredients known for their oral health and Foundation of China (No. 62271107 and 62074029), the
diabetes management benefits, customized diets can be National Key Research and Development Program of
created to meet the specific nutritional requirements of China (No. 2022YFB3206100), and Key R&D Program of
these patients.
Sichuan Province (No. 2022JDTD0020).
The rheological properties, textures, microstructures,
and composition of the food inks are comprehensively Conflict of interest
characterized for assessing their suitability for 3D food The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
printing applications. The utilization of dual-nozzle
collaborative 3D printing technology allows for precise Author contributions
regulation of the nutritional composition, which helps
control protein intake by patients with CKD. Findings Conceptualization: Yi Zhang, Yuanyuan Chen, Jun Gu,
from animal experiments confirm the effectiveness of Tingting Dai
the 3D-printed diet in glycemic control, showcasing the Data curation: Yuanyuan Chen, Siwei Bi, Ruiqi Liu
potential of this approach in managing blood glucose levels. Funding acquisition: Xiaosheng Zhang, Yi Zhang
Investigation: Yuanyuan Chen, Siwei Bi,
This research highlights the transformative potential of
3D food printing technology in the field of personalized Methodology: Yuanyuan Chen, Siwei Bi, Jun, Gu, Dongan
Wang, Yi Zhang
nutrition, offering tailored food options that enhance Project administration: Qianli Che, Wei Li
the quality of life and health outcomes of patients with Writing – original draft: Yuanyuan Chen
diabetes and its complications. By combining the benefits Writing – review & editing: Yi Zhang, Siwei Bi, Jun Gu,
of personalized nutrition, improved texture, and targeted Dongan Wang, Tingting Dai
functional ingredients, 3D-printed foods have the
potential to revolutionize dietary management strategies Ethics approval and consent to participate
for individuals with specific dietary requirements.
All animal experiments in this study were approved by the
One major limitation of this study is that we were
unable to take into account the pain threshold pressure Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of China
West Hospital, Sichuan University (No. 20221201007).
caused by oral ulcer in designing the food ink due to
the lack of relevant literature. Therefore, we can only Consent for publication
rely on the pain threshold pressure of diseases of similar
nature described in existing literature as a reference. Not applicable.
Future studies should be designed to evaluate the pain
threshold by means of animal experiments. However, Availability of data
this presents several challenges, such as how to assess The data that support the findings of this study are available
pain in the animal model and the potential disparity of from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
pain thresholds between humans and the animal models.
Future studies should also explore the optimization of Reference
3D printing parameters, investigate additional functional
ingredients, and evaluate the long-term effects of 1. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and
personalized 3D-printed diets on the health and well- classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care.
being of diabetic patients through clinical trials. With 2014;37(Supplement_1):S81-S90.
continued advancements in 3D printing technology doi: 10.2337/dc14-S081

Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024) 308 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1862