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International Journal of Bioprinting DNA-functionalized hyaluronic acid bioink

biological protection, preventing cells from being damaged hydrogel exhibited remarkable resistance against robust
by shear forces or immune system during delivery. Yan et shear forces, thereby contributing to the successful
al. presented a DNA hydrogel-based delivery system for improvement of MSC-mediated treatment (Figure
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mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for severe osteoarthritis 7a and b). Another study showed that the rigidity of
treatment in a rabbit model. The DNA hydrogel matrix dsDNA and the soft protection of DNA supramolecular
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demonstrated effective shielding of encapsulated MSCs, network in DNA hydrogel ensured the proliferation and
which led to enhanced therapeutic outcomes in terms differentiation of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs)
of cell transportation and cartilage regeneration. The by protecting them from external compression and sliding

Figure 7. DNA hydrogels for the construction of tissue in vitro. (a) Anti-friction delivery system for MSCs to treat severe osteoarthritis. Reprinted with
permission from ref. Copyright © 2021 Wiley. (b) Assessment of DNA hydrogels in cartilage degeneration using macroscopic observations, ICRS score,
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and micro-computed tomography imaging after treatment. Reprinted with permission from ref. Copyright © 2021 Wiley. (c) Schematic illustration
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of encapsulating tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) within DNA hydrogel. Reprinted with permission from ref. Copyright © 2023 Wiley. (d) Cell
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encapsulation and release using microwells and DNA hydrogel with controlled restriction enzyme digestion. Reprinted with permission from ref.
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Copyright © 2013 Wiley. (e) The L-DNA hydrogel self-assembles from L-Y scaffold and L-linker, which have a left-handed duplex structure, in contrast
to the right-handed helical D-DNA. Reprinted with permission from ref. Copyright © 2022 Wiley. (f) Sustained cytokine delivery with physically
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crosslinked DNA hydrogel. Reprinted with permission from ref. Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society.
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Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024) 36 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1814