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International Journal of Bioprinting Biomimetic scaffolds for tendon healing

area per loop, the length of all the tubes, and the mean presence of factor compared to the control samples. This
length per tube was performed (Figure 10). parameter indicated that the cells organize over time: They
The area covered by the cells decreased significantly go from occupying the entire surface of the scaffold to
over time in all cases, except for D5–D9 with factor, whose reorganizing and grouping, ultimately forming structures
difference is not significant (Figure 10A). There are no akin to capillaries.
differences in the area covered by the cells between the Regarding the formation of capillary-like structures,
two conditions (control and factor) until day 20. On this the samples with growth factor have a significantly higher
last day, the area covered by the cells was greater in the number of loops and tubes and a larger area of loops than

Figure 10. Semiquantitative analysis of parameters related to neovascularization. (A) Area covered by cells, (B) total number of loops, (C) total loop area,
(D) mean loop area, (E) total tube length, and (F) mean tube length. Results are represented as mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01.

Volume 10 Issue 3 (2024) 461 doi: 10.36922/ijb.2632