Page 287 - IJB-10-6

International Journal of Bioprinting Skin bioprinting: Keratinocytes and stem cells

for cell-laden Alg/HA/Gel constructs over 14 days, while a Ethics approval and consent to participate
degradation of 20% was observed for GelMA constructs, Not applicable.
highlighting the importance of optimizing the degradation
rate in accordance with the tissue repair rate. Depending Consent for publication
27
on the type of wound, the cutaneous healing time can last up
16
17
to 8 weeks. Crosslinking delays the degradation process. Not applicable.
For instance, photo-crosslinking of GelMA produces a stable
construct with slow degradation rates, making GelMA suitable Availability of data
for long-term applications. During long-term incubation, Data are available on request from the authors.
19
the rapid degradation rate of Alg/HA/Gel-based skin
substitutes could limit its application, but this may be avoided References
by additional crosslinking of Alg/HA/Gel with microbial
transglutaminase (mTG) to slow down degradation. 26 1. Tottoli EM, Dorati R, Genta I, Chiesa E, Pisani S, Conti B. Skin
wound healing process and new emerging technologies for skin
5. Conclusion wound care and regeneration. Pharmaceutics. 2020;12(8):735.
doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080735
Biofabricated potential skin substitutes made of GelMA
demonstrated excellent survival and viability of bioprinted 2. Sörgel CA, Cai A, Schmid R, Horch RE. Perspectives on
HaCaT keratinocytes, outperforming bioprinted the current state of bioprinted skin substitutes for wound
healing. Biomedicines. 2023;11(10):2678.
constructs made of Alg/HA/Gel. Both hydrogels facilitated doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11102678
cell migration from the constructs to the well bottom.
These findings indicate that GelMA-based constructs with 3. Zuo KJ, Medina A, Tredget EE. Important developments in
keratinocytes and ADSCs may offer a promising therapeutic burn care. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017;139(1):120e-138e.
option in the treatment of large chronic wounds. doi: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002908
4. Wang Y, Beekman J, Hew J, et al. Burn injury: challenges
Acknowledgments and advances in burn wound healing, infection, pain and
scarring. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2018;123:3-17.
We would like to thank Stefan Fleischer for the excellent doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.018
technical assistance during the study.
5. Jeschke MG, Shahrokhi S, Finnerty CC, Branski LK,
Dibildox M. Wound coverage technologies in burn care:
Funding established techniques. J Burn Care Res. 2018;39(3):313-318.

The work was funded by the Deutsche doi: 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3182920d29
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research 6. Varkey M, Visscher DO, van Zuijlen PPM, Atala A, Yoo JJ.
Foundation; project number 326998133, TRR 225; Skin bioprinting: the future of burn wound reconstruction?
subprojects C03, A07, and C04). Burns Trauma. 2019;7:4.
doi: 10.1186/s41038-019-0142-7
Conflict of interest 7. Sorgel CA, Schmid R, Kengelbach-Weigand A, Promny T,
The authors declare no conflict of interest. Horch RE. Air-pressure-supported application of cultured
human keratinocytes in a fibrin sealant suspension as a
potential clinical tool for large-scale wounds. J Clin Med.
Author contributions 2022;11(17):5032.
Conceptualization: Rafael Schmid, Celena A. Sörgel doi: 10.3390/jcm11175032
Formal analysis: Eva Bettendorf, Rafael Schmid 8. Tan SH, Ngo ZH, Sci DB, Leavesley D, Liang K. Recent
Investigation: Eva Bettendorf, Celena A. Sörgel, advances in the design of three-dimensional and bioprinted
Yvonne Kulike scaffolds for full-thickness wound healing. Tissue Eng Part B
Methodology: Rafael Schmid, Celena A. Sörgel Rev. 2022;28(1):160-181.
Resources: Stefan Schrüfer, Dirk W. Schubert, Zan doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2020.0339
Lamberger, Philipp Stahlhut, Gregor Lang, Raymund 9. Weng T, Zhang W, Xia Y, et al. 3D bioprinting for skin tissue
E. Horch engineering: current status and perspectives. J Tissue Eng.
Supervision: Raymund E. Horch, Celena A. Sörgel 2021;12:20417314211028574.
Writing – original draft: Eva Bettendorf doi: 10.1177/20417314211028574
Writing – review & editing: Eva Bettendorf, Annika 10. Park J, Lee SJ, Chung S, et al. Cell-laden 3D bioprinting
Kengelbach-Weigand, Rafael Schmid, Celena A. Sörgel hydrogel matrix depending on different compositions for

Volume 10 Issue 6 (2024) 279 doi: 10.36922/ijb.3925