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International Journal of Bioprinting Internally-crosslinked ADA/Alg/Gel bioinks

Figure 3. Rheological analyses and pH evaluation of ADA/Alg/Gel hydrogels. (A) Storage modulus (G′; continuous line) and loss modulus (G″; dotted line)
of ADA/Alg_50/50_C6 with different concentrations of GDL (5% [w/v], red; 2.5% [w/v], orange; 2% [w/v], yellow; 1.5% [w/v], light blue; and 1% [w/v],

blue) as a function of angular frequency (0.1 and 100 rad/s) at 37°C (n = 3). (B) Elastic modulus (E) of ADA/Alg_50/50_C6 with different concentrations
of GDL (5% [w/v], red; 2.5% [w/v], orange; 2% [w/v], yellow; 1.5% [w/v], light blue; and 1% [w/v], blue) derived from frequency sweep test (n = 3).
**p < 0.01 and **** p < 0.0001 indicate statistically significant difference with 5% (w/v) GDL samples. (C–D) pH variation of ADA/Alg_50/50_C6 with
different concentrations of GDL (5% [w/v], red; 2.5% [w/v], orange; 2% [w/v], yellow; 1.5% [w/v], light blue; and 1% [w/v], blue) measured after incubation
at 37°C for 21 days (C) and after 24h (D) (n = 3). **p < 0.01 and ****p < 0.0001 indicate statistically significant difference with 5% (w/v) GDL samples.
(E) Time sweep analyses; evaluation of G′ (continuous line) and G″ (dotted line) as a function of time for ADA/Alg_50/50_C6 hydrogels with 5% (w/v)
GDL (red), 2.5% (w/v) GDL (orange), 2% (w/v) GDL (yellow), 1.5% (w/v) GDL (light blue), and 1% (w/v) GDL (blue) at 37°C (n = 2). Abbreviations: Alg:
Alginate; ADA: Alginate dialdehyde; GDL: D-(+)-glucono-1,5-lactone.

Volume 10 Issue 6 (2024) 554 doi: 10.36922/ijb.4014