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Multifunctional 3D Bioprinting System for Construction of Complex Tissue Structure Scaffolds

Figure 2. Schematic of the microextrusion-based multifunctional modular 3D bioprinting system. The system can print soft materials,
hard materials, and multiscale fiber filaments. Three enabling technologies, including motor-driven pistons, pneumatic-driven pistons, and
mechanical screw extrusion, were used for printing strategies. Scale bar: 5 mm (A, B, C, E, F, G, H, K), 1 μm (D), 2 μm (I), and 10 μm (J).

nozzle is mounted on the slider of the linear guide moving in material was pushed through the linear movement of
the Z direction. All nozzles of the printer in this paper have the motor, which, then, produced volume changes and
three degrees of freedom of movement. The above design ejected forward. The design schematic diagram of
ensures the function while minimizing the overall volume. motor-driven piston-based microextrusion processes is
2.2.2. Modular design and fabrication of materials shown in Figure 4A-F. The motor extrusion type can
delivery system precisely control the distance of the motor movement
to control the precise change in the syringe volume and,
(A) Motor-driven piston-based microextrusion nozzles then, produce a precise volume of material injection.
In the motor-driven piston-based microextrusion The advantage of using a single integrated circuit board
process, the piston in the syringe loaded with bioink to control dozens of motors makes the size of the entire

258 International Journal of Bioprinting (2022)–Volume 8, Issue 4